600 seven day-old ross broiler chicks were tested in a factorial experiment (2×5) with two levels of oil (three and six percent) and five levels of soybean oil and soapstock (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) with four replicates. rations were isocaloric and isonitrogenus. the chicks of the rations with three percent fat had higher weight gain and lower feed intake and feed: gain ratio (p

The objective of this study was to determine the undegradable dietary protein requirements of veal calves. Two experiments were carried out with Holstein bull calves from 3-10 days of age until slaughter at 20 weeks of age. Both experiments were divided into starter and finishing periods. Calves were offered starter pellets on an ad lib. basis from seven days of age. Diets were formulated to be...

this study carried out for economic investigation on laying hen farms in tehran province. the data was collected through completion of questionnaire by direct interview from 41 layer farms, which were selected by stratified random sampling method in 2013. among all types of production functions, the cobb-douglas production function was selected and its coefficients was estimated and average pro...

effect of l-carnitine and butyric acid on the performance and immune responses of 192 broiler chickens (ross 308) was investigated with three levels of l-carnitine (zero, 125 and 250 mg/kg) and two levels of butyric acid (2 g/kg) in a 2×3 factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with 6 dietary treatments, four replicates and eight birds per each. broilers fed basal diet p...

A 56 days grow-out experiment with three protein levels (35, 40 and 45%) and three lipid levels (5, 10 and 15%) was conducted to evaluate the optimum protein and lipid ratio for Oriental River Prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). Four hundred and five prawns, with mean (± SD) weight of 1.40 ± 0.04 g were distributed in 27 glass aquaria and were fed four times daily. Results showed that interaction...

variation in growth, feed utilization and survival was assessed in sturgeon fingerlings of beluga fed different dietary lipid levels. all diets were iso-nitrogenous (protein = 45%) comprising 3.4-3.7 kcal digestible energy g-1. triplicate groups of 35 fingerling beluga with a mean initial wet weight of 2.14 ± 0.07 g (± sd) were fed with four experimental diets containing 6.7, 10.5, 14 and 17% c...

background: liver fatty acid-binding protein (l-fabp) is the main cytosolic binding site for long chain fatty acids in hepatocytes. fabps enhance the uptake of fatty acids into the cell by increasing their concentration due to decreasing concentration of unbound fatty acids inside the cell. objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary unsaturated to saturated fatty a...

Toxic effects of Aflatoxin B1 on growth performance and humoral immune response against Newcastle disease Virus (NDV) vaccine were determined in Japanese quails. Quail chicks (n=300) were divided into five groups and each group was further sub-divided into two subgroups. One subgroup of each group was vaccinated with NDV vaccine to study the antibody response. Experimental diets were prepared b...

Tropical forage genetic resources are essential material for the development of adapted pasture crops. Collection, conservation and characterization of these resources are needed to preserve them for future generations. Collections were made after 1970 by CIAT, CSIRO and ILRI. The current status of these collections and present conservation methods are reviewed. Genetic diversity has been asses...

The article presents the results of economic and bioenergetic assessment winter barley cultivation methods for harvesting bulky fodder. In a short-term experiment effect five levels mineral nutrition on two tillage in crop rotation link soybean – barley, fused leached chernozems southern foothill zone Adygea has been studied. Differentdepth have used 20–22 cm (plowing) 12–16 (surface tillage). ...