After the 2015 and 2019 Rugby World Cups, Japan Top League games attracted many new fans including female niwaka (bandwagon fans/fair-weather fans). Understanding characteristics of game attendees could be crucial to retain expand fan base. The purpose this study was categorize into four segments according gender types compare their characteristics, motivations for attending games, knowledge ru...

This field study investigated the release of testosterone and cortisol of a vicarious winning experience in Spanish fans watching the finals between Spain and the Netherlands in the 2010 FIFA World Cup Soccer. Spanish fans (n = 50) watched the match with friends or family in a public place or at home and also participated in a control condition. Consistent with hypotheses, results revealed that...

Both axial and centrifugal fans are used to cool information technology (IT) equipment. These fans generate noise that can be annoying to their users, particularly the tonal noise that can be radiated. Work has focused on developing a method to attenuate the tonal noise associated with both of these types of fans. A compact system is used, whereby control sources are placed in close proximity t...

This paper reports on the efficacy of a professional development framework premised on four complex systems design principles: Feedback, Adaptation, Network Growth and Self-organization (FANS). The framework is applied to the design and delivery of the first two years of a three-year study aimed at improving teacher and student understanding of computational modeling tools. We demonstrate that ...

The development of paraglacial fans, studied in the upper Bhagirathi valley, Garhwal Himalaya, northern India, relates to the retreat of the Gangotri Glacier over the last 200 years. These fans demonstrate the speed by which mass movement and fluvial processes may lead to the modification and readjustment of the Himalayan landscapes during deglaciation. The paraglacial fans in this region grew ...

The current longitudinal case study investigated how conference realignment and beginning new annual competitions impacted fan rival perceptions for fans of the Texas A&M Aggies, Missouri Tigers, and Texas Christian University Horned Frogs. In particular, fan rival perceptions before and after conference realignment were compared to determine if significant differences were present. Findings in...

The goal of the present study was to examine the impact of different data-communication (Data Comm) methods and use of multi-dimensional displays (2-D or 3-D) on pilot workload when Trajectory Based Operations (TBO) are employed. Eight pilots flew simulated enroute flights using an integrated (FANS-1A) or non-integrated (ACARS) Data Comm method. Pilots were also asked to rate the workload and a...

The heat transfer analysis of considering heat-generating components with different locations of two side-wall fans in a three-dimensional desktop computer was investigated in this paper. Herein, the well-known computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code of PHOENICS was employed to simulate the dissipative heat transfer in a ventilated enclosure. The SIMPLEST algorithm with the hybrid scheme was ut...

Using archival and experimental data, we showed that vicarious defeats experienced by fans when their favorite football team loses lead them to consume less healthy food. On the Mondays following a Sunday National Football League (NFL) game, saturated-fat and food-calorie intake increase significantly in cities with losing teams, decrease in cities with winning teams, and remain at their usual ...