The hypothesis selection problem (or the k-armed bandit problem) is central to the realization of many learning systems. This paper studies the minimization of sampling cost in hypothesis selection under a probably approximately optimal (PAO) learning framework. Hypothesis selection algorithms could be exploration-oriented or exploitation-oriented. Exploration-oriented algorithms tend to explor...

HOX genes play a central role in the development and regulation of limb patterns. For mammals order Carnivora, limbs have evolved different forms, there are interesting cases phenotypic convergence, such as pseudothumb giant red pandas, flippers or specialized pinnipeds sea otter. However, molecular bases remain largely unclear. Here, we studied evolution HOX9 ~ 13 14 representative species Car...

Socioemotional wealth (SEW) refers to those family-centered goals that are likely have a major influence on the strategic decision-making process and performance of family firms. Many studies used indirect indicators related involvement in ownership management measure SEW; meanwhile, others developed scales directly level importance SEW Limitations both direct measures lead empirical research b...