On the basis of a low probability insurance experiment with substantial money on the line, we demonstrate that concern is an important driver of willingness to pay (WTP) for insurance when there is ambiguity surrounding the estimate. Concern still plays an important role when probabilities are given precisely. This finding explains why some individuals pay too much and others little for insuran...

POVERTY AND HEALTH ARE INEXTRICABLY LINKED: poverty diminishes access to health care (whether through reduced ability to pay, a lack of knowledge about when to seek health care or a lack of adequate services within reach), increases exposure to disease and other illness (for example, through exposure to dangerous workplaces), and is related to reduced access to clean water, housing and sanitation.

Fair Queuing was invented to ensure that every flow gets its fair share of the total bandwidth. Efficient Fair Queuing Using Deficit Round-Robin, DRR, proposed by Shreedhar and Varghese [1], reduces the work to process each packet from O(log(n)) to O(1). DRR was also extended to accommodate latency-critical flows. DRR+ uses a timer to police each latency-critical flow, and was shown to have a l...

Zusammenfassung Um unterschiedliche Dienstgüten bei der Übertragung von Daten zu garantieren, muß der ankommende Datenstrom nach der verlangten Dienstgüte klassifiziert und in Warteschlangen isoliert werden. Außerdem muß eine Bediendisziplin vorhanden sein, die den aufgeteilten Datenstrom wieder entsprechend der Dienstgüten zusammenbringt und weitertransportiert. Es wird eine Bediendisziplin, e...

Preoperative skin preparation with antimicrobial agents decreases the risk of surgical site infection, but concerns have been raised about the visibility of a common surgical preparatory agent (ChloraPrep; Becton, Dickinson & Co, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey), depending on skin pigmentation. Poor visibility may lead to failure to identify inadequately prepared skin, increasing the risk of surgica...

We present a simple packet level model to show how marking at the DiffServ boundary node and scheduling and discarding inside a DiffServ node affect the division of bandwidth between two delay classes: elastic TCP flows and streaming non-TCP flows. We conclude that only per flow marking together with dependent discarding thresholds across both delay classes is able to divide bandwidth fairly, a...

We show experimentally that fairness concerns may have a decisive impact on the actual and optimal choice of contracts in a moral hazard context. Bonus contracts that offer a voluntary and unenforceable bonus for satisfactory performance provide powerful incentives and are superior to explicit incentive contracts when there are some fair-minded players. But trust contracts that pay a generous w...