background & aim: the plants of the greenhouse have been affected by infestation of the pest trialeurodes vaporariorum, called greenhouse whitefly, which markedly reduced production. synthetic insecticides have been widely developed and, their extensive use has brought about disadvantages, like environmental disturbance, pest resistance, lethal effects on non target organisms and toxicity t...

as the host plants based on their physical and chemical characteristics can affect virulence of microbial control agents on the target pest and its natural enemies, therefore in the current study, the virulence of beauveria bassiana tv isolate at concentration 107 conidia/ml was evaluated against t. urticae female adults, on three different host plants; tomato, cucumber and strawberry. spray to...

abstract the oak leafroller moth , tortrix viridana l. is a destructive pest within it’s spreading area which invades the oak species, especially in west and northwest forests of iran, in recent years. some parts of west azarbayjan’s forests which are located in piranshahr and sardasht region have been affected by this pest since 1989 that oak trees vigor and survival have been gone down result...

tomato leaf miner moth, tuta absoluta has always been known as the most destructive pest of solanaceae family, especially tomatoes and it have had a lot annual losses to it. therefore, continuous efforts have continued to control it.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hibiscus extracts of  marshmallow, fenugreek and lusitanian oak in controlling this pest, in order to hel...

introduction: pest and disease problem with the extension of fruit orchards, becomes a serious and restricted factor for orchard growers. most of the scale insect of cold region fruit trees in iran belongto family diaspididae. one of the most important pests in the fruit orchards of chaharmahal and bakhtiari province are scale insects. hall scale, mercetaspis halli (green) (hemiptera: diaspidid...

INTRODUCTION Patient eczema severity time (PEST) is a new atopic dermatitis (AD) scoring system based on patients' own perception of their disease. Conventional scales such as SCORing of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) reflect the clinician's observations during the clinic visit. Instead, the PEST score captures eczema severity, relapse and recovery as experienced by the patient or caregiver on a da...

The structure and morphology of nonmaterial formed by colloidal synthesis represent a subject of interest as it is a factor deciding the physicochemical properties and biological applications of nanostructures. Among various nanoparticles, gold can develop fractal assembled patterns. Herein, we report a nano-aggregate of a thiol-on-gold self-assembled structure and the influence of β-cyclodextr...