Eleven subjects were awakened from dream peiiods (defined in terms of Dement and Kleitman's eye-movement criteria) and asked to describe their dream experience. Subjects more often believed that they were awake and/or thinking when the awakening was gradual than when the awakening was abrupt (P < .05). Reports in which the subject believed that he had been awakened from a dreamless sleep were m...

This study aimed to investigate the psychophysiological correlates and the effectiveness of different dual-attention tasks used during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Sixty-two non-clinical participants with negative autobiographical memories received a single session of EMDR without eye movements, or EMDR that included eye movements of either varied or fixed rate of speed...

in the present work sedative and hypnotic effects of aqueous extract of aloe vera in rats have been investigated. in order to evaluate the overall hypnotic effects of the aloe vera extract, open field and loss of righting reflex tests were primarily used. the sedative and hypnotic effects of the extract were then confirmed by detection of remarkable raise in the total sleeping time through anal...

Eye movement is classified into the two types, one is saccadic eye movement and the other is smooth pursuit eye movement. We measured the corneo-retinal potential which is made on the eyeball, in order to investigate saccadic eye movement at the mutual gazing exactly. From the experiments, we verify that the latency and the velocity fluctuate with the direction of motion of eyeballs. And then i...

When the eyes track a moving object, the image of a stationary target shifts on the retina colinearly with the eye movement. A compensation process called position constancy prevents this image shift from causing perceived target motion commensurate with the image shift. The target either appears stationary or seems to move in the direction opposite to the eye movement, but much less than the i...

The role of area 7a in eye-hand movement was studied by recording from individual neurons while monkeys performed 7 different tasks, aimed at assessing the relative influence of retinal, eye, and hand information on neural activity. Parietal cell activity was modulated by visuospatial signals about target location, as well as by information concerning eye and/or hand movement, and position. The...

This is a large cross-sectional study which aimed to investigate comorbidity rate, degree of sleep-related breathing disorder, polysomnigraphically diagnosible rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder/rapid eye movement sleep without atonia and periodic limb movements during sleep in Japanese drug-naïve patients with narcolepsy-spectrum disorders. A total of 158 consecutive drug naïve patient...

Light in the short wavelength range (blue light: 446-483 nm) elicits direct effects on human melatonin secretion, alertness and cognitive performance via non-image-forming photoreceptors. However, the impact of blue-enriched polychromatic light on human sleep architecture and sleep electroencephalographic activity remains fairly unknown. In this study we investigated sleep structure and sleep e...

This paper aims to find the relationship between flying technical skills and eye-movement indicators of pilots by researching the flying skills and eye-movement parameters in the initial training phase. The operation performance of pilots was considered as an indicator of the level of the pilots’ technical skills. The fixation count, the fixation duration, the saccade amplitude, the saccade ang...