The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of extrusion parameters (extrusion stresses and temperature) and die geometry, i.e. extrusion radius, on the extruded aluminum quality using FEM Simulation Technique. For this purpose, the general FEA Software ABAQUS was used to set up the finite element model of the warm aluminum extrusion in two dimensions (2D). Aluminum alloy Al-2014 wa...

BACKGROUND To maintain a protective barrier, epithelia extrude cells destined to die by contracting a band of actin and myosin. Although extrusion can remove cells triggered to die by apoptotic stimuli, to maintain constant cell numbers, epithelia extrude live cells, which later die by anoikis. Because transformed cells may override anoikis and survive after extrusion, the direction of extrusio...

traumatic retrolisthesis is a rare injury and may result in intervertebral disc extrusion and nerve root injury. these injuries are highly unstable and require surgery for decompression and stabilization. traumatic retrolisthesis of l5 with acute l5/s1 disc extrusion associated with nerve root injury has not been reported previously in english literatures. we herein report a case of traumatic r...

BACKGROUND Ultrasound techniques have been utilized for detection of discrete meniscus tears and extrusion. Meniscal extrusion is associated with increased contact pressure and decreased contact area contributing to the advancement of knee osteoarthritis. The purpose of this biomechanical study was to detect meniscal extrusion using a clinically available, portable ultrasound device. And furthe...

Acid extrusion is essential for osteoclast (OC) activity. We examined Na+ and HCO3(-)-independent H+ extrusion in rat- and mouse OCs by measuring intracellular pH (pHi) changes, with the pHi indicator BCECF (biscarboxyethyl-5-(6) carboxyfluorescein) after H+ loading with an ammonium pulse. 90% of OCs attached to glass do not possess HCO3- and Na(+)-independent H(+)-extrusion (rate of pHi recove...

Isolated frog sartorii were exposed for 30 minutes to HETP-an irreversible anti-cholinesterase, and were then soaked in Ringer's at 15 degrees C. for 16 hours. At the end of the period of soaking the mean resting potential of the muscle fibers was only 29 mv. The decrease in the resting potential of the HETP-treated muscles was accompanied by a loss of potassium and a gain in sodium by the musc...