The aims of this study were to explore muscle activity levels during different violin repertoires, quantify the general bilaterally in upper extremity muscles, and evaluate associations between anthropometrics characteristics. In 18 skilled players surface EMG was recorded from trapezius (UT), flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), cummunis (EDC), radialis (ECR) A E...

Twenty canine elbows were examined by low-field MRI. The objective of this study was to compare five magnetic resonance sequences: High Resolution Gradient Echo in the sagittal plane, XBONE T2 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the sagittal plane, Spin Echo T1 in the dorsal plane and 3D SST1 and XBONE T1 in the transverse plane, and to determine which sequences have the highest diagnostic v...

Coordinated landing requires preparation. Muscles in the limbs important for decelerating the body should be activated prior to impact so that joints may be stiffened and limbs stabilized during landing. Moreover, because landings vary in impact force and timing, muscle recruitment patterns should be modulated accordingly. In toads, which land using their forelimbs, previous work has demonstrat...

BACKGROUND On the one hand, stimulating the motor cortex at different spots may activate the same muscle and result in a muscle-specific cortical map. Maps of different muscles, which are functionally coupled, may present with a large overlap but may also show a relevant variability. On the other hand, stimulation of the motor cortex at one spot with different stimulation intensities results in...

conclusions the treatment of symptomatic ecu instability is still controversial, especially for acute dislocations. depending on the type of injury many surgical techniques have been proposed. combination of direct repair of the tendon’s subsheath and reinforcement with an extensor retinaculum graft is a reliable option. introduction dislocation/subluxation of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ecu) t...

The palmaris longus (PL) is a slender, spindle-shaped weak flexor of the wrist. Congenital absence of the PL is estimated to occur in 15% among individuals worldwide. However, the frequency of its absence varies considerably among different population groups and with different detection techniques. In the present study, the presence of the PL tendon was examined in a Korean population (n=269) u...

The representation of joint position at rest and during movement was investigated in 44 muscle spindle primary afferents originating from the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRb) and extensor digitorum (ED) of normal human subjects. Position sensitivity was estimated for each afferent, and 43 of 44 were position sensitive. In each trial, six sequential ramp-and-hold movements (2-6 degrees, 2 d...