Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from community waste generation can represent a significant portion of a city, county, or region’s GHG emissions inventory. Estimating a jurisdiction’s emissions from this source can be challenging, since the waste generated by one community is sometimes exported to other communities for disposal. Current inventory protocols allow local governments to estimate was...

This study examine the impact of Albanian free trade agreements on the overall economy in general and in agriculture sector, exports and imports in particular, turning out to be increased in significant amounts. These trade agreements have provided the Albanian economy with a competitive advantage and economic space. Among the countries with which Albania has free trade agreements Turkey, Kosov...

The Housing sector can be considered both the exchange of intermediate goods and the investment goods for the manufacturing sectors. The housing sector is the buyer of intermediate goods such as brick, cement, iron etc from one side, and uses the investment goods such as crane etc from other side. Furthermore, it uses the labour force. Thus, the housing sector has three types of buying which in...

Commodities (rural and non-rural) account for a significant proportion of Australia’s exports. Even though tourism and manufactured exports have grown strongly in recent years, earnings from commodities were around two thirds of total export earnings from goods and services in 1991/92. This was despite the cyclically low level of prices. Furthermore, the volatility of commodity prices is an imp...

Economic links among countries, through trade, will cause the effects of greenhouse-gas control measures taken by one set of nations to ripple through the international trade system, affecting countries that may not have agreed to share the burdens of control. So, for example, emission restrictions under the Kyoto Protocol will increase the cost to Annex B regions of using carbon-emitting fuels...

nowadays, efficient goods distribution in target markets is one of the most important challenges of marketing managers and goods producers. distribution of goods and services has a significant contribution in gross domestic product (gdp) of countries. so an efficient distribution network can support constant economic development of countries and reduces end-user price of products. identifying a...

Because of the important role that transportation, wholesaling, and retailing activities, commonly referred to as distribution or marketing activities, play most economies, a project is underway to develop a GTAP model and database that includes domestic margins. This paper reports on the type of margin data that has been collected and draws some general conclusions that will be useful in devel...

The United States has long leveraged economic sanctions as powerful instruments to achieve foreign policy objectives [1]. Economic sanctions have been described as a “cheaper form of coercion, less aggressive than war with fewer human costs, and more politically feasible” [1]. Sanctions may be implemented as tariffs on imported goods, quotas on how much can be imported or exported, embargoes th...