background and purpose:   methods   results:   conclusion:

Agricultural waste management is one of the important issues that agricultural producers should consider to increase their income and environmental protection. Therefore, the investigation of factors that reduce the rate of agricultural production wastage as well as citrus production wastage is of utmost consequence in order to manage wastes, reduce environmental degradation and ecosystem destr...

The expansion and growth of cities is a remarkable phenomenon in urban planning literature,so that unpredictable developments have become more evident in recent decades, especially in cities that haveundergone changes in their physical structure following the promotion of their political role. The present paper seeksto identify the factors driving growth in the developed areas of Ardebil city a...

response modification factor (r factor) is one of the seismic design parameters to be considered in evaluating the performance of buildings during strong motions. this paper has tried to evaluate the response modification factor of concrete coupled shear wall structures with various length/depth ratios of spandrel beams. the effect of diagonal reinforcement of spandrel beam was also evaluated o...

evaluation of communication abilities in the elderly is crucial for activities which will be performed to improve their quality of life. a valid and reliable questionnaire is needed for assessing communication abilities. we aimed to translate and validate the speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing scale (ssq) in iran. the forward-backward procedure was applied to translate the questionnaire ...