In the jurisdictions both of England and Wales and of Scotland, the civil justice system is currently the subject of intense critical appraisal. This paper considers the current status of civil justice, beginning by asking what we expect from our system of civil justice and going on to analyse the supply and demand of civil legal services in market terms. The authors conclude that there is scop...

The quality of a state’s judicial system is an important determinant of economic growth and vitality. The decisions made within state judicial systems affect the degree to which private property rights are well-defined and enforced, which is an essential building block for entrepreneurial activity and economic growth. The key link between free-market institutions, such as secure property rights...

today, “civil order” may be regarded as one of the most important “functional requirements” (fr) of any city, as a real, complex, large-scale system. in this regard, learning about dynamic behavior of the civil order phenomenon and analysis of all information obtained from “operational environment” associated with the system of interest may be considered an essential step in the process of “cri...

This study aims at examining, in a systemic and, to the extent possible, comprehensive manner, the topic of procedural agreements in United States civil procedure law and afterwards to compare the relevant experience with the results of analogous researches conducted in respect with single national procedural systems in Europe. It is widely recognized that party autonomy is paramount in arbitra...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Iatrogenesis often results from performance deficiencies among medical team members. Team-targeted rudeness may underlie such performance deficiencies, with individuals exposed to rude behavior being less helpful and cooperative. Our objective was to explore the impact of rudeness on the performance of medical teams. METHODS Twenty-four NICU teams participated in a t...

A model of the economic effects of civil war and the post-war period is developed. A key feature is the adjustment of the capital stock through capital flight. Post-war this flight can either be reversed or continue, depending partly upon how far the capital stock has adjusted to the war. The model is tested on data for all civil wars since 1960. After long civil wars the economy recovers rapid...

the legislator has not an explicit view about revision to judgments based on definitive oath. this point has caused disagreement between judges and lawyers. such disagreement may be entitled the losing party to petition in revision court in one case and deprive other losing party from it in similar case. in addition, the lawyers doubt in basis of rule in article 369 of civil procedure code base...