In the standard model, the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, which incorporates the time-reversal violation shown by the charged current weak interactions, originates from the Higgs-quark interactions. The Yukawa interactions of quarks with the physical Higgs particle can contain further complex phase factors, but nevertheless conserve T, as shown by constructing the fermion T transformation an...

Efficient oscillations between ordinary (active) and sterile neutrinos can occur only if Dirac and Majorana mass terms exist which are both small and comparable. It is shown that this can occur naturally in a class of string models, in which higher-dimensional operators in the superpotential lead to an intermediate scale expectation value for a scalar field and to suppressed Dirac and Majorana ...

The first test of the Kugo-Ojima colour confinement criterion by the lattice Landau gauge QCD simulation is performed. The parameter u which is expected to be −1δ b in the continuum theory was found to be −0.7δ b in the strong coupling region. The data is analysed in connection with the theory of Zwanziger. In the weak coupling region, the expectation value of the horizon function is negative o...

We present an octonionic N = 1 superfield action that reproduces in components the action of Bagger and Lambert for M2 branes. By giving an expectation value to one of the scalars we obtain the maximally supersymmetric superfield action for D2 branes.

The development of the ice-snow tourism needs a scientific and effective method to assess the value of ice-snow tourism resource and its realization degree effectively and reasonability. Based on the analysis of expectation value and realization value of ice-snow tourism resource, this paper designs a three-dimension assessment index system and constructs the method of assessing the value of ic...

Suppose that we have the density ß›y;Sfi of a model with the null hypothesis of the form H 0;S = S 0 . Let L›Sfi be the log-likelihood function of the model and  S be the MLE of S. Wald test is based on the very intuitive idea that we are willing to accept the null hypothesis when  S is close to S 0 . The distance between  S and S 0 is the basis of constructing the test statistic. On the oth...

Japanese dialects spoken in the Kinki and Shikoku regions have a lexical contrast of pitch register types called shiki. The shallow f0 downtrend in the high-pitched shiki type is thought of as a manifestation of backdrop f0 declination that is blind to tonal structure. Acoustic analysis of three Japanese dialects with 2or 3-way contrast of shiki types, however, reveals that the degree of f0 dec...

We investigate the 1/2-BPS Wilson-’t Hooft loops in N = 4 Super-Yang-Mills theory. We use the bulk D-brane with both electric and magnetic charges to calculate the all genus contribution of the circular loops. The expectation value of Wilson-’t Hooft loops are in perfect agreement with the result through supersymmetric condition and duality transformation in the gauge theory.

We introduce a new method for determining the critical indices of the deconfinement transition in gauge theories. The method is based on the finite size scaling behavior of the expectation value of simple lattice operators, such as the plaquette. We test the method for the case of SU (3) pure gauge theory in (2 + 1) dimensions and obtain a precise determination of the critical index ν, in agree...

Abstract We consider the application of a Fleischer–Jegerlehner-like treatment tadpoles to calculation neutral scalar masses (including Higgs) in general theories beyond Standard Model. This is especially useful when theory contains new scalars associated with small expectation value, but comes its own disadvantages. show that these can be overcome by combining effective field matching. provide...