The principal methods for the definition of thermodynamic entropy are discussed with special reference to those developed by Carathéodory, the Keenan School, Lieb and Yngvason, and the present authors. An improvement of the latter method is then presented. Seven basic axioms are employed: three Postulates, which are considered as having a quite general validity, and four Assumptions, which iden...

There is a standard correspondence between elements of the cohomology group H(F, μn) (with the trivial action of ΓF = Gal(Fs/F ) on μn) and cyclic extensions of dimension n over F . We extend this to a correspondence between the cohomology groups H(F, μn) where the action of ΓF on μn varies, and the extensions of dimension n of K which are Galois over F , where K = F [μn] and [K :F ] is prime t...

The article is devoted to the explanation of basic principles situational approach in light modern "spatial turn", presented scientific community by ideas such world-famous theorists as D. Harvey and A. Lefebvre. Our main focus ethical dimension outlined problem field. starting point ancient presumption etymological semantic unity ethos space. authors conceptualize this synthetic unity, offer a...

according to imam khomeini, based on the verses of the holy quran, salvation is equally bound to the two important principles of, knowledge and behavior, in the meantime salvation is influenced by his concept of monotheism. self-purification, virtuosity and submition only to god symbolize mere servitude which in imam’s opinion is the route to salvation dismissing whatever alien to god and alleg...

one aspect of self-knowledge is consisted of interaction between soul and actions, ethics and knowledge. according to sadrā's opinion, soul is united with its acquired knowledge and long-term dispositions. the main principles of the theory include:nivocal of entity, (principality of existence) and its gradation) substantial motion of soul,identity of the knower and the known,bodily conting...

introduction: the current research seeks to evaluate the framework of the mentioned endeavors through the survey of the quality of the web pages of iran's medical universities and the existence of their organizational metalinks. methods: in this descriptive study, 40 web pages of the iran's medical universities were studied. the existence of the web pages, the type of the library soft wares, th...