Nowadays deep excavations are needed for construction of foundation of high rise buildings, providing space for parking and etc. In some cases deep excavations may be constructed in the vicinity of the subway tunnels and causes unpredicted extra displacements and internal forces in tunnel lining of tunnels which were not designed for them and consequently affect serviceability of tunnel. Theref...

The machinery of the Big River mine is the most complete historical assemblage of in situ machinery for quartz mining in New Zealand. Excavations were carried out to mitigate the effects of reconstruction of the winding engine house. Comprehensive and extensive drainage of the original working compound between the winding engine, bath house, engineer's workshop and the upper terminal of the aer...