1 Reves JG, Glass PSA, Lubarsky DA, McEvoy MD. Intravenous nonopioid anesthetics. In: Miller RD, ed. Anesthesia, 6th Edn. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2005 2 Reich DL, Hossain S, Krol M, Baez B, Patel P, Bernstein A, Bodian CA. Predictors of hypotension after induction of general anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2005; 101: 622–8 3 Tobias JD. Etomidate: applications in pediatric critica...

INTRODUCTION LMA is a simple supra-laryngeal device which is used to establish and maintain airway. Despite the common use of the LMA, there are no optimal methods for induction of anesthesia that can guarantee a proper insertion. The purpose of this study is comparing three methods of induction of anesthesia (Propofol, Etomidate, Propofol+Etomidate) in the hemodynamic stability after LMA inser...

conclusions combination of propofol-ketamine may be recommended as an effective and safe induction agent for attenuating hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation with better hemodynamic stability. although, further well-designed randomized clinical trials to confirm the safety and efficacy of this combination, especially in critically ill patients or patients with cardiovascular dis...

The effect of premedication upon the induction of anaesthesia with etomidate was studied in 74 adult patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. Premedication with fentanyl plus atropine or with diazepam plus atropine decreased the frequency of involuntary muscle movements without modifying the pattern of the circulatory effects of etomidate, although fentanyl increased the frequency of a...

INTRODUCTION Various types of sedation can be used for the reduction of a dislocated total hip arthroplasty. Traditionally, an opiate/benzodiazepine combination has been employed. The use of other pharmacologic agents, such as etomidate and propofol, have more recently gained popularity. Currently no studies directly comparing these sedation agents have been carried out. The purpose of this stu...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To synthesize the evidence on the effect of a bolus dose of etomidate on adrenal function, mortality, and health services utilization compared with other induction agents used for rapid sequence intubation. METHODS We developed a systematic search strategy and applied it to 10 electronic bibliographic databases. We hand searched journals; reviewed conference proceedings, gray ...

BACKGROUND Etomidate frequently induces myoclonus when administered intravenously with bolus injection during anesthetic induction. This can be bothersome for the anesthesiologist. The dose of remifentanil appropriate for preventing myoclonus without side effects was investigated. METHODS All patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III were divided into thr...

INTRODUCTION Various methods have been recommended to prevent hemodynamic instability caused by propofol induction. Current study evaluates hemodynamic effects of ketamine and propofol in comparison to etomidate and propofol during anesthesia induction. METHODS Sixty-two patients over 50 years old undergoing elective surgeries were randomly assigned to ketamine + propofol (ketofol) (n=30) and...

Three patients admitted to the intensive care unit after multiple injury were observed to suffer episodes of adrenocortical insufficiency suggested by clinical manifestations and confirmed by appropriately low cortisol concentrations. This prompted a prospective study of pituitary-adrenocortical function in six multiply injured patients, three of whom showed evidence of adrenocortical suppressi...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Different drugs, including hypnotics, may influence the pharmacodynamic effects of neuromuscular blockers (NMB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of propofol and etomidate on cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade. METHOD We included 60 patients, ASA I and II, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia in the study and randomly alloc...