backgounds: a number of studies have focused on the effects of season of birth, as an environmental factor, on embryonic development. methods: in a retrospective descriptive work, heights (crown to heel), weights and head circumferences of the full term, normal, and singleton newborn infants in hamadan city (west of iran) were collected from their randomly selected files in fattemieh hospital d...

Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with adverse birth outcomes, but the findings of previous studies are inconsistent. We measured Cd concentrations in urine samples at or near 13, 24, and 35 gestational weeks from 282 women in Wuhan, China. We used generalized estimating equation models to assess the associations between maternal creatinine adjusted urinary Cd concentrations at...

INTRODUCTION Obesity is common among women of childbearing age; intrauterine exposure to maternal obesity or gestational weight gain may influence the development of asthma in early childhood. We examined the relationships of maternal obesity and gestational weight gain with asthma in offspring. METHODS We used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, which has a nationa...

BACKGROUND Adiponectin is an adipocyte hormone involved in energy homeostasis and metabolism. However, its role in early infancy is poorly understood. METHODS We recruited a total of 443 pregnant women and their children in this prospective study. Cord blood samples were successfully obtained from 331 neonates. Maternal and umbilical blood serum adiponectin were measured. The weight-, height-...