Peraxisome prolifrator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptors comprising three isoforms termed alpha, beta/delta and gamma. PPARs can modulate metabolic processes especially fatty acid (FA) metabolisms via exerting transcriptional control on activating genes involved in fuel utilization. Thus, they can exert positive role in controlling chronic diseases such as diabetes. A...

Introduction: Beside its autonomic functions, the nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (LPGi) is involved in the descending pain modulation. 17β-Estradiol is a neuroactive steroid found in several brain areas such as LPGi. Intra-LPGi microinjection of 17β-estradiol can elicit the analgesic responses. 17β-Estradiol modulates nociception by binding to estrogenic receptors as wel...

Introduction: Chemokine receptors are found on the surface of stem cells. There have been 19 distinct chemokine receptors described in mammals. Chemokines are major players in migration and homing. Therefore, changes in their levels or function can help us to increase the migratory potential of these cells. Valproic acid differs in structure from other drugs in common use. The way in which Va...

Introduction: The nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (LPGi) is involved in the descending pain modulation. The neurostreoid, 17β-estradiol found in the PGi nucleus and modulates nociception by binding to estrogen receptors and also by allosteric interaction with NMDA receptors. In this study, the role of NMDA receptors in the 17β-estradiol-induced pain modulation was investig...

In severe COVID-19 patients the blood level of autoantibodies (IgG) to neurospecific proteins was determined. It defined marked increase in peripheral myelin protein, protein lipid S100 type 2 dopamine receptors and dopamine. At same time, it designate relationship between levels NMDA receptors. High specific IgG SARS-CoV-2 S-Trimer Protein coincided with high

Pharmaconutrition is an area of current interest, especially concerning the advances in pharmacology nutrient-sensing receptors, as have been accomplished last 20 years. The family free fatty acid (FFA) receptors composed four members, sequentially named FFA1 to FFA4, which are activated by short long-chain acids. affinity and FFA4 for omega-3 polyunsaturated acids prompted pre-clinical clinica...

Abstract Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors play crucial roles in immune responses against pathogens. How diverse NLRs recognize different pathogen effectors remains a significant question. A recent study published Nature uncovered how pepper NLR Tsw detects phytohormone receptors’ interference caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) effector, t...