Conical shock waves are generated as sharp conical solid projectiles fly supersonically in the air. We study such conical shock waves in steady supersonic flow using isentropic Euler system. The stability of such attached conical shock waves for non-symmetrical conical projectile and non-uniform incoming supersonic flow are established. Meanwhile, the existence of the solution to the Euler syst...

Under certain conditions an electron bound in a fast projectile ion, colliding with a molecule, interacts mainly with the nuclei and inner shell electrons of atoms forming the molecule. Because of their compact localization in space and distinct separation from each other, these molecular centers play in such collisions a role similar to that of optical slits in light scattering leading to pron...

The unsteady compressible flow around a body tail projectile is numerically solved with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method, Smagorinsky-Lilly model was used as the Sub-Grid Scale (SGS). The computed results are obtained in supersonic flow regime for a viscous fluid in order to determine the aerodynamic coefficients with different angles of attack. The flow around a body tail projectile was so...

Nucleon correlations in the target and projectile nuclei are shown to reduce significantly the fluctuations in multiple nucleon-nucleon collisions, total multiplicity and transverse energy in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, in particular for heavy projectile and target. The interplay between cross-section fluctuations, from color transparency and opacity, and nuclear correlations is calculat...

Measurements of the electronic energy loss are presented for (4)He and (7)Li ions channeling along the Si main axial directions at intermediate to high projectile energies. The Barkas effect, an energy-loss enhancement proportional to the third power of the projectile charge at high energies, is clearly separated from other processes. It reaches about 50% for Li ions channeling along the Si [11...

Data from KEK on subthreshold ¯ p as well as on π ± and K ± production in proton-nucleus reactions are described at projectile energies between 3.5 and 12.0 GeV. We use a model which considers a hadron-nucleus reaction as an incoherent sum over collisions of the projectile with a varying number of target nucleons. It samples complete events and allows thus for the simultaneous consideration of ...

Projectile photon coincidences were measured for the scattering of an 80 MeV/nucleon 64Zn beam from *‘*Pb and *“Bi targets at the GANIL heavy ion accelerator facility. Projectile-like particles between 0.5” and 4.5“ relative to the incident beam direction were detected in the SPEG energy loss spectrometer where their momentum, charge, and mass were determined. Photons were detected in the BaF2 ...

Abstract. The baryon number transfer is studied in elementary and complex hadronic interactions at the CERN experiment NA49 at the SPS, at 158 AGeV beam energy ( √ s = 17.2GeV ). A two component picture is proposed, which builds up the net proton distribution from a target and a projectile component. Using pion beam, the projectile component is experimentally determined for p+p and p+A interact...

In a previous paper, we calculated the fully quantum-mechanical cross section for electromagnetic excitation during peripheral heavy-ion collisions. Here, we examine the sensitivity of that cross section to the detailed structure of the projectile and target nuclei. At the transition energies relevant to nuclear physics, we find the cross section to be weakly dependent on the projectile charge ...

We study the kinetic and chemical equilibration of projectile and target nucleons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the energy regime between 150 AMeV and 2 AGeV in a coupled-channel BUU (CBUU) approach. We find that equilibrium in the projectile-target degrees of freedom is in general not reached even for large systems at low energy where elastic nucleon-nucleon collisions dominate. Inel...