This study applied ERB analysis for measuring acoustic correlates of hypernasal fricatives produced by speakers with different aetiologies (cleft palate, maxillectomy and dysarthria). The speech materials were consonants /n/ and /s/ segmented from two Cantonese single words and four Cantonese oral sentences. Results showed that hypernasal speakers produced /s/ with significantly higher mean amp...

Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer, representing about 5% of all cancers. Each year, more than half a million new cases are diagnosed worldwide.1–3 Over the past decade, the important role of different growth factors and their receptors and signal transduction pathways in the genesis and progression of tumours has been well recognised, and their mechanism of action and interac...

Tumor cells have been found in autologous hematopoietic cell transplants used after high-dose chemotherapy. To specifically eliminate contaminating mammary tumor cells during ex vivo expansion of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, we used recombinant immunotoxins (ITs) directed against cell-surface antigens expressed on mammary carcinoma cells. ITs were expressed from fusion cDNAs combining ...

BACKGROUND In a recent report it was shown that molecular subgroups of early (pT1) breast tumors belonging exclusively to the most common histological variant, ductal-infiltrating carcinoma, showed significantly different clinical and biological features. OBJECTIVE To test in a series of patients with ductal-infiltrating carcinoma encompassing all stages of the disease if the above-mentioned ...

Energy retrofits are significant in improving the energy efficiency of existing residential buildings (ERB) and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. While many countries have introduced relevant retrofit policy instruments (RPIs), rates still relatively low due to various complications practical implementation. This study aims organize scattered information related RPIs their implementation, su...

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common fatal cancer and an important healthcare problem worldwide. There are many studies describing the prognostic and predictive effects of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (c-erb-B2) and epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR), transmembrane tyrosine kinases that influence cell growth and proliferation in many tumors. OBJECTIV...

Oestrogen protects the heart from ischaemic injury. The current study aims to characterise two novel oestrogen receptor (ER) ligands, an ER alpha agonist ERA-45 and an ER beta antagonist ERB-88, and then use them to investigate the roles of ER alpha and ER beta in mediating the cardioprotection by E from ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. The ER ligands were characterised by gene transact...

OBJECTIVES To determine the expression of the c-erb-B2, p53, bcl-2, Ki67 and CD44varV6 proteins, and to establish their prognostic value in epidermoid carcinoma of the lip. STUDY DESIGN Immunohistochemical study of the c-erb-B2, p53, bcl-2, Ki67 and CD44varV6 proteins in 79 epidermoid carcinomas of the lip, diagnosed and treated over a period of 20 years. The data obtained were subjected to u...

In mammals, several genes involved in liver lipid and cholesterol homeostasis are rhythmically expressed with expression shown to be regulated by clock genes via Rev-erb 1α. In order to elucidate clock gene regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), the orphan nuclear receptor Rev-erb 1α was cloned and 24 h expression of clock genes, transcription fact...