Detection of ketamine exposure in skeletal tissues by automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) is described. Rats (n = 18) received 0, 15, 30, or 75 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride acutely (i.p.), and were euthanized within 15 min or 1 h. Ketamine was extracted from ground femoral bone by methanolic incubation followed by l...

VEGF is crucial for metaphyseal bone vascularization. In contrast, the angiogenic factors required for vascularization of epiphyseal cartilage are unknown, although this represents a developmentally and clinically important aspect of bone growth. The VEGF gene is alternatively transcribed into VEGF(120), VEGF(164), and VEGF(188) isoforms that differ in matrix association and receptor binding. T...

Long-acting GnRH agonists have been used both for canine estrus induction and prevention. The objective of the study was to investigate the use of a deslorelin implant as a long-term and reversible contraceptive in prepubertal bitches with special regard to the time of epiphyseal closure. Thirteen healthy, crossbreed, medium-sized prepubertal female dogs were used in this study. An implant cont...

Juxta-epiphyseal/Salter-Harris fractures are the most common hand fractures in children and the proximal phalanx is involved in most cases. In the absence of soft-tissue interposition, these growth plate injuries are simple to reduce and are stable. However, in some cases, flexor tendon entrapment could be present. We report on an 11-year-old girl who sustained a fall onto her outstretched hand...

We used a rabbit model to investigate the mechanism by which the angulation of fractures is corrected in children. We produced a transverse proximal tibial fracture in one leg of 12 eight-week-old New Zealand white rabbits and measured bone alignment and length and the patterns of bone growth and remodelling. The angle between the joint surfaces changed rapidly to correct the alignment of the l...

Osteochondromas also called exostosis are commonest benign bone tumours. Traditionally Osteochondroma considered as developmental malformations rather than true neoplasms and thought to formed inside the periosteum due separation of small epiphyseal growth plate cartilage. But recent studies suggested it’s relation with mutation in gene exotoxin 1 so now they neoplasm. The lesions consist a bon...

The literature on Perthes' disease points up the significance of specific anatomical conditions affecting vascularization of the femoral head, as well as immaturity and mechanical weakening of the bone tissue in the etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder in children. An experimental study using calf femurs as models confirmed the author's hypothesis that the areas most susceptible to mechan...

CONTEXT Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system in immature athletes are commonly seen in medical practice. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION An analysis of published clinical, outcome, and biomechanical studies of adolescent epiphyseal and overuse injuries was performed through 2008 to increase recognition and provide treatment recommendations. RESULTS Adolescent athletes can sustain physeal and...

We studied radiographs of 125 children (105 boys, 20 girls) with unilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes' disease to examine the epiphyseal development of the femoral head in the contralateral (unaffected) hip. The epiphyseal height (EH) and width (EW) of the unaffected hip were measured on the initial anteroposterior pelvic radiograph. In 109 of the patients (87.2%) the EH was below the mean for normal ...

PURPOSE To determine the various musculoskeletal manifestations of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in children, and the course of this disease in childhood. METHODS Ten children were diagnosed and treated at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) for multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, 1976-2001. We reviewed the clinical, pathological and radiographic records for these cases to determine ...