Environmental tobacco smoke has been regarded as one of the most important public health issues. It has been estimated that approximately 700 millions of children in the world are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). In this study parental smoking habits were determined. Then, the relationship between parent-reported estimates of children's exposure to ETS at home and children's urinar...

Smoking in public places is a hot debate presently in Europe. A number of legislative bodies in Europe have already made policy decisions on the issue of smoking in public places. Scientific evidence relating to this debate has been reported in a diverse range of publications such as BMJ, Indoor air and the BSJ. On inspection much of the reporting concludes negatively on the performance of vent...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral pigmentation is a condition in which the color of oral mucosa such as gingival mucosa changes. Some exogenous and endogenous factors may lead to oral pigmentation. Secondhand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is indirect smoking of an active smoker’s exhalation that can lead to cardiovascular, respiratory system, and some...

It is now well established that children’s exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) results in substantial public health and economic impacts. Children are more likely than adults to suVer health eVects from ETS exposure, and the home is the most important site of such exposure. Although the responsibility and authority of the community and health professionals to protect children from har...

AIM To report the psychometric testing of the Household Risk Perception and Self-Efficacy in Environmental Risk Reduction instruments using principal components analysis. BACKGROUND There are limited instruments available to test household risk perception and self-efficacy related to environmental health behaviours. The Household Risk Perception instrument was developed to measure personal pe...

Background One of the requirements of the Osun State smoke-free legislation is to ensure smoke-free enclosed and partially enclosed workplaces. This survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of workers in indoor bars, beer parlors and discotheques to smoke-free legislation in general and the Osun State smoke-free law in particular.   Methods A convenience sampling of 36 hospital...

OBJECTIVES To determine the extent, range and types of studies of differential environmental chemical exposures among non-Indigenous Canadians as a function of sex/gender and race/ethnicity. METHODS Computerized database searches were performed from November to December 2013 using Medline, Embase, CAB Abstracts, Proquest and Scopus to identify relevant studies of environmental exposures among...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of environmental exposure to tobacco smoke from husbands and from work, as well as from family members in early life, with all cause mortality and mortality due to cancer or cardiovascular disease in Chinese women. DESIGN Ongoing prospective cohort study in Shanghai, China. PARTICIPANTS Of 72,829 women who had never smoked, 65,180 women provided informa...

background one of the requirements of the osun state smoke-free legislation is to ensure smoke-free enclosed and partially enclosed workplaces. this survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of workers in indoor bars, beer parlors and discotheques to smoke-free legislation in general and the osun state smoke-free law in particular.   methods a convenience sampling of 36 hospital...

BACKGROUND The tobacco industry has formed regional environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) consultants programs in order to generate controversy on the issue of secondhand smoke (SHS) in Europe, Asia and Latin America. Only those countries in which the industry foresaw SHS restrictions were included. This paper describes the European and Asian components of the tobacco industry's worldwide ETS consu...