A: It is possible, but unlikely in most circumstances, that the antitrust laws will provide an effective remedy for exclusion from hospital privileges. Determining whether an antitrust violation exists in any particular case will be very fact-specific and depend on a number of circumstances, including who ultimately controls the privilege decisions, the purpose of the exclusion, and the resulti...

Background: Increasing environmental crises in recent centuries have endangered human lives and creatures on Earth, and these crises are increasingly widespread and can lead to irreparable events across the globe. So, though, chocolate needs a little self-care and a constructive and ethical interaction with the environment to preserve it. The attention to environmental ethics began around the w...

Successes of law enforcement in apprehending offenders are often publicized events. Such events have been found to result in temporary reductions in offending, or “residual deterrence”. We provide a theory of residual deterrence which accounts for the incentives of both enforcement officials and potential offenders. Our theory rests on the costs of reallocating enforcement resources. In light o...

The present article describes the profiling process developed at the Institute of Forensic Science of the School of Crime Sciences of the Faculty of Law at the University of Lausanne. The technique is oriented towards an operational approach that can be applied directly by drug units of local law enforcement authorities. The background of the development of that technique and issues relating to...

This article explores, from a public health perspective, the harm done by Canadian drug laws, to both individuals and society. It challenges the perceived dichotomy of legalization and criminalization of intravenous drugs. The article then expands the discussion by exploring eight legal options for illicit drugs and examines how these options interact with the marginalization of users, the illi...

Release welcomes the opportunity to respond to this Consultation process. Whilst we agree that ensuring road safety is important, from the proposals made in the consultation document it would appear that promotion of the Government’s overall drug strategy is taking priority over road safety issues. This is a continuation of the use of the criminal law to deter drug use despite evidence that thi...

s International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering, 64, 2902.MALCOLM ET AL. 278 Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention / 5:3 August 2005

Pollution prevention and waste reduction efforts at pharmaceutical sites with ever-changing production campaigns require a dynamic model of the corporate business and manufacturing activities. Flexibility in business strategies for addressing evolving market demands or changes in environmental legislation add uncertainty to this already challenging design problem. In this third part of the trip...