Using China’s provincial economic and pollution data from 1992 to 2008, we employ data envelope analysis (DEA) and econometric analyses to explicitly estimate technical efficiency and examine the role of technical efficiency, pollution control instruments (pollution levy and pollution quantity control), and prices of production inputs on pollution intensity. We find that an increase of labor wa...

Maritime shipping has been a major facilitator of economic prosperity throughout the world and it is likely to grow meet continued growing transport needs in both developed developing countries. However, global emissions from maritime have increased considerably, causing depletion ozone layer most importantly posing threat lives coastal environment through air pollution. This study investigated...

background: environment and its ecosystems are affected by various natural and man-made disasters. the environmental management in disasters tries to protect ecosystems, sustain development, reduce disaster risk, and adapt to or decrease the impact of climate change. this study aimed to investigate the impact of disasters on the environment and methods of reducing these effects. materials and m...

sustainable development is very important especially in environment. in this paper, the value of sustainable development in environment of iran for iron and steel making in comparison with global, determined by fuzzy logic and expressed by continuous value between zero and one. the following steps were taken in turn: 1- obtaining the related data from internal resources. 2- defining membership ...