A family F = (F(i) \iel) is a function from an index set / into the set of all non-empty subsets of a set. A subset G e F is called a subfamily of F and a function / f rom / into u (F(/) \iel} such that / ( t ) e F(i) is called a choice function. Let F be a function. Dmn F denotes the domain of F and rng F denotes the range of JF. If F is a function and J £ dmn F, then F \ J will denote the res...

With the discovery of Maigus sontagae gen. nov., sp. nov. in Baltic amber, all literature fossil family Berendtimiridae Winkler, 1987 is revised. The now polytypic, with subfamilies Berendtimirinae (nominotypical) and Retromalisinae subfam. This new subfamily established to include Retromalisus Kazantsev, 2020 In addition, Jantarokrama utilis Kirejtshuk & Kovalev, 2015 transferred from Elaterid...

abstract in order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes of cucumber field and greenhouses in jiroft and kahnoj regions, during 2007 and 2008, 45 soil and root samples were collected. in this survey, 13 genus and 16 species were identified. genus ektaphelenchoides and one species of it, e. compsi and aphelenchus isomerus are reported for the first time in iran. the first species was found in...

Galectins are an evolutionarily conserved family of 15 different lectins found in various combinations in virtually every type of animal cell. Galectins are defined as a family of β-galactoside binding proteins which are characterized by the presence of a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Although galectins have not signal sequence for their transferring through the membrane, they can be e...

The basis for our score is a feature vector corresponding to a given input. In our case, the input is a sequence to be classified, and the features are going to be the output of certain tools (see workflow in Figure 1) we feed with the input sequence. In the following, we describe the two distinct steps necessary for the computation: as a prerequisite, we first establish distributions from our ...

A new Subfamily Dirimiinae of the Family Kumpanophyllidae Fomichev, 1953 is introduced on basis Dirimia gen. nov., which represented by six named species and three left in open nomenclature. The are multiplexa, D. similis, recessia, composita, extrema, nana, sp. 1, 2 3. progressing atrophy columnotheca, leading to its total reduction extreme species, occurrence an axial structure instead a comp...

The list of subfamily Catocalinae (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae)of Iran is updated.  Until now, 111 species belonging to 22 genera of this subfamily are recorded. Also, the Iranian records in different provinces are presented.

Tree snails of the endemic subfamily Achatinellinae comprise a diverse and important component of the Hawaiian fauna. In recent decades anthropogenic impacts have resulted in devastating extinction rates in Hawaiian tree snails. To address long-standing biogeographic, systematic, and evolutionary questions we used cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences to reconstruct the phylogeny ...

As part of large protein complexes, Snf2 family ATPases are responsible for energy supply during chromatin remodeling, but the precise mechanism of action of many of these proteins is largely unknown. They influence many processes in plants, such as the response to environmental stress. This analysis is the first comprehensive study of Snf2 family ATPases in plants. We here present a comparativ...