Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are one of the most widely used gene transfer systems in research and clinical trials. AAV can transduce a wide range of biological tissues, however to date, there has been no investigation on targeted AAV transduction of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Here, we examined the efficiency, tropism, spread, and immunogenicity of AAV transduction in...

Chronically institutionalized geriatric (n = 174; average length of hospitalization = 35.1 years) and nongeriatric (n = 59; average length of hospitalization = 17.3 years) schizophrenia patients were classified with regard to their enduring negative symptoms (ENS) over a year. All patients completed neuropsychological tests that have been previously found to be implicated in geriatric schizophr...

Gas supplied conservatively to a black hole at rates well below the Eddington rate may not be able to radiate effectively and the net energy flux, including the energy transported by the viscous torque, is likely to be close to zero at all radii. This has the consequence that the gas accretes with positive energy so that it may escape. Accordingly, we propose that only a small fraction of the g...

The enteric nervous system (ENS) derives from migratory neural crest cells that colonize the developing gut tube, giving rise to an integrated network of neurons and glial cells, which together regulate important aspects of gut function, including coordinating the smooth muscle contractions of the gut wall. The absence of enteric neurons in portions of the gut (aganglionosis) is the defining fe...

It is both ironic and remarkable that now, almost 200 years later, the question of interaction between the gut and the brain in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has resurfaced to become the subject of a veritable tsunami of fascinating and tremendously important research that has potential ramifications not only for understanding the pathophysiology of PD but also for its treatment and even its diagnos...

In this paper, we argue that realizing the vision of the Semantic Web as an open and global decentralized knowledge space would greatly benefit from the availability of a large-scale service which may enable the systematic reuse of URIs across independently produced Semantic Web contents. Such a service, which we call an Entity Name System (ENS), might play for the Semantic Web the role that th...

Cells with high and fluctuating energy demands such as cardiomyocytes need efficient systems to link energy production to energy utilization. This is achieved in part by compartmentalized energy transfer enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK). However, hearts from CK-deficient mice develop normal cardiac function under conditions of moderate workload. We have therefore investigated whether a dire...

OBJECTIVES Emergency nurses (ENs) typically place peripheral intravenous (IV) lines, but if repeated attempts fail, emergency physicians have to obtain peripheral or central access. The authors describe the patient population for which ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral IVs are used and evaluate the success rates for such lines by ENs. METHODS This was a prospective observational study of ENs ...

We report two cases of epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS) involving the spine. MR imaging of the spine demonstrated intraspinal lipomas in both cases. Abnormal, enhancing, enlarged cervical and lumbosacral nerve roots were present in one patient. Spinal imaging for patients with ENS may help in the diagnosis of subtle intracranial manifestations, as it did in both of our cases. ENS has features sim...

Soutenue à Cachan le 30 Novembre 2012 devant le jury composé de : Francisco Chinesta École Centrale de Nantes Président Mohamed Ichchou École Centrale de Lyon Rapporteur Sergio De Rosa Professeur, Università di Napoli “Federico II” Rapporteur Robin S. Langley Professeur, University of Cambridge Examinateur Bernard Troclet Professeur, ENS de Cachan, EADS-Astrium Examinateur Pierre Ladevèze Profe...