In Africa, where more than 25 million people are living with HIV/AIDS, malnutrition and food insecurity are endemic. Today, nearly 40% of African children < 5 years old are stunted due to chronic nutritional deprivation. Underweight, an indicator of chronic and acute malnutrition, was the leading cause of mortality worldwide, responsible for 3.7 million deaths in 2000. Nearly half of these deat...

Both older persons and persons with kidney failure are highly prone to develop nutritional deficiencies (Table 1). The major nutritional problem experienced by both groups is weight loss associated with protein energy malnutrition. Renal failure patients with low body mass index, weight loss, low albumin, and low cholesterol all have increased morbidity and mortality.1 These are classical compo...

Proper nutrition may help to reverse the wasting syndrome in dialysis patients with kidney disease on dialysis. This intervention study aimed to identify malnutrition problems and assess the effect of dietary counselling on improvement of health status of end-stage renal disease patients subjected to haemodialysis. Pre-intervention data were collected from 41 patients attending El Haram dialysi...

Malnutrition is common in patients with end-stage liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy, and is considered a significant prognostic factor affecting quality of life, outcome, and survival. The liver plays a crucial role in the regulation of nutrition by trafficking the metabolism of nutrients, their distribution and appropriate use by the body. Nutritional consequences with the potential to ...

Stroke is a devastating event that carries a potential for long-term disability. Malnutrition is frequently observed in patients with stroke, and dysphagia contributes to malnutrition risk. During both the acute phase of stroke and rehabilitation, specific nutritional interventions in the context of a multidisciplinary team effort can enhance the recovery of neurocognitive function. Early ident...

Infantile malnutrition is known to be associated with cognitive and behavioral impairment during childhood and adolescence. Data pertaining to longer-term effects on behavioral outcomes in adulthood are limited. In this study, we report associations between infantile malnutrition and attention problems in adults at midlife. Attention problems were assessed by the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale...

Malnutrition, though uncommon in developed countries, continues to be a major health burden in developing countries. Malnutrition, consisting of protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, is globally the most important risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Particularly, hundreds of millions of pregnant women and young children are affected by malnutrition. Forty five percent...

In the United States, approximately 5% of the population is malnourished or has low body weight, which can adversely affect immune function. Malnutrition is more prevalent in older adults and is often a result of energy imbalance from various causes. Dietary supplementation to promote positive energy balance can reverse malnutrition, but has not been assessed for its effect on immune parameters...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and moderate or severe malnutrition during nutritional recovery. METHODS In an intervention study, thirteen subjects with CP (10 females and 3 males with a mean age of 9y11m ± 2y3m), level V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System and moderate or severe m...