The aim of this study was to determine whether variations in physiological characteristics were predictive of over- or underreporting of energy intake in older men and women. Total energy expenditure was predicted in 81 older men (66 +/- 6 y) and 56 older women (66 +/- 6 y) from a previously developed equation that uses the doubly labeled water method. The degree of over- or underreporting of e...

Critical readers should be suspicious about the inability of a dietary study to discriminate between the energy intakes of two groups when small sample sizes have been used. The possibility of a false-negative (type II error) should be considered. This problem could be avoided if investigators used adequate sample sizes. A review of 26 dietary studies published in the American Journal of Clinic...

The assessment of food consumption in clinical practice is often carried out to develop and implement nutritional advice. Factors as the patient health conditions, the evolution of his/her clinical condition as well as the reasons that motivated the search for advice will guide the selection of the best method of assessment of food consumption or nutrient intake to employ. The chosen method mig...

The present study investigated the relationship between a number of anthropometric indices and behavioral development during the first 2 years of life in rural Guatemala. Length and weight were the indices most strongly correlated with behavioral development. If the effect of the infant's length and weight was statistically controlled for, none of the other anthropometric variables explained a ...

Evolutionary theory predicts that animals should forage to maximize their fitness, which in predators is traditionally assumed equivalent to maximizing energy intake rather than balancing the intake of specific nutrients. We restricted female predatory ground beetles (Anchomenus dorsalis) to one of a range of diets varying in lipid and protein content, and showed that total egg production peake...

Male preferences for female body weight follow a consistent cross-cultural pattern such that in cultures with scarce resources, heavier women are preferred, whereas in cultures with abundant resources, thinner women are preferred. We offer a social-cognitive account for these findings based on the individual experience of resource scarcity. In four studies (N=1,176), we explored the possibility...

OBJECTIVE Foods that enhance satiety can reduce overconsumption, but the availability of large portions of energy-dense foods may counter their benefits. The influence on meal energy intake of varying the energy density and portion size of food consumed after a preload shown to promote satiety was tested. DESIGN AND METHODS In a crossover design, 46 women were served lunch on six days. On fou...

OBJECTIVE A tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been proposed to address population weight gain but the effect across socio-economic position (SEP) is unclear. The current study aimed to clarify the differential impact(s) of SSB taxes on beverage purchases and consumption, weight outcomes and the amount paid in SSB taxes according to SEP. DESIGN Databases (OVID and EMBASE) and grey lit...

form (McCracken & Barr, 1982, 1983; Barr & McCracken, 1983; Barr et al. 1983) it is probably appropriate to point out that we have confirmed the variability of nutrient intake by young cafeteria-fed animals and the complex dietary deficiencies which c v arise. Regretfully, we have been unable to find convincing evidence for the presence of the elusive DIT phenomenon in any of our experiments al...