Distributed electricity producers, such as small wind farms and solar installations, pose several technical and economic challenges in Smart Grid design. One approach to addressing these challenges is through Broker Agentswho buy electricity from distributed producers, and also sell electricity to consumers, via a Tariff Market–a new market mechanism where Broker Agents publish concurrent bid a...

This paper explores the impact on the Southern Mediterranean Countries (SMC) of the current process of trade liberalisation with the European Union. The methodology is that of computable general equilibrium modelling under imperfect competition and the model includes 10 countries and 11 sectors. This allows for both a cross-country and cross-sectoral analysis of the results. The experiments con...

For the better part of the past century, residential customers in the United States and many other countries have paid for electricity through a twopart tariff that has collected most of the revenue through a flat volumetric charge—that is, flat electricity rates paid in cents per kilowatt hour (¢/ kWh). In contrast, a large share of the cost of producing and delivering electricity does not var...

In contrast to prior disaggregated product level studies on tariff evasion which have focused on select country pairs, we develop a model that allows us to consistently estimate average tariff evasion effects on aggregate bilateral trade data. This has two distinct advantages over prior work. We are able to obtain a more general test for average tariff evasion effects across a large number of c...

We show that firms with more short-term institutional investors have better long-term performance in dynamic economic environments. Following exogenous increases in competitive pressure due to large cuts of import tariff rates, firms with more shortterm investors achieve higher growth rates of sales and employees in comparison to other firms in the industries affected by the tariff cuts. To do ...

Indian power system is now a national grid with 156GW of grid capacity and approximately 19.5GW of captive generation. It has passed the horrible operation phase of last decade of the twentieth century. Though the growth rate of capacity is still trying to chase the growth rate of the load since very long but the operation and control of the system has became smooth. The obvious credit goes to ...

Background: Tariff setting in healthcare is an important control knob affecting the quality, access and cost of services. As part of Iran Health Transformation Plan (HTP) in 2014, the relative value of health care and services was increased to motivate healthcare providers to deliver high quality services. This study aimed to examine the impact of HTP on health services tariffs. Methods: This ...

nowadays, huge tendency to fashion and consumerism could be assumed as the origin of identitycrisis among women and in their houses. this phenomenon is like a veil between man and the fact of his human being. given that the physical properties of man-made environments (house) are influenced by human properties and, in return, have an important role in giving identity to their audience, identifi...

In February 2006 the Department of Health introduced a new home oxygen service with the aim of improving the assessment of patients on oxygen and allowing access to newer technologies such as ambulatory oxygen. Oxygen is provided following completion of a home oxygen order form and is allocated a predetermined tariff according to the delivery device and usage. In South East Essex there are curr...