BACKGROUND Effects of hypothermia on arterial baroreflex function during, and on its recovery after, general anesthesia were examined in humans. METHODS Twenty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to a normothermic group (n = 10 each, active forced-air warming) or to a hypothermic group (no active warming) during anesthesia. Measurements of R-R intervals and systolic blood pressure were ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ketorolac on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children recovering from sevoflurane anesthesia. METHODS Eighty-five children aged 3 to 7 years were randomly assigned to the control group or the ketorolac group (1 mg/kg ketorolac). The children were evaluated by the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Sc...

As anyone who has looked at a petunia or a pansy can testify, plants generate flowers with characteristic numbers and patterns of organs. The floral organs are derived from a pool of stem cells called the floral meristem. In wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana flowers (shown at lower left) the meristem gives rise to four sepals that enclose the bud, four white petals, six pollen-bearing stamens and ...

Orexinergic system may play an important role in the regulation of anesthesia-arousal. However, which region or which pathway mediated the effect of orexins was still unclear. In current study, we investigated whether activation of orexin signals in basal forebrain (BF) may alter electroencephalographic activity, induction and emergence time to sevoflurane anesthesia in rats. Either orexin-A or...

How the brain reconstitutes consciousness and cognition after a major perturbation like general anesthesia is an important question with significant neuroscientific and clinical implications. Recent empirical studies in animals and humans suggest that the recovery of consciousness after anesthesia is not random but ordered. Emergence patterns have been classified as progressive and abrupt trans...

To the Editor: I read with great interest the article by Leslie et al. describing the electroencephalographic correlates of dreaming during anesthesia. Their conclusion that traits of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are expressed during emergence from anesthesia is provocative. It is of historical interest to note that a common mechanism of dreaming during both sleep and anesthesia was predicted...