The nature of the RNA synthesized during early germination appears to be controversial. In onion [ 1 ] , lettuce [2] , Vicia faba [3] , Phaseolus vulgaris [4] and Triticum vuZgare [ 51 RNA species synthesized include predominantly ribosomal and transfer RNA. In Triticum durum, Chen et al. [6] found no mRNA synthesis during the first 24 hr of germination; synthesis was triggered at a later time....

This review focuses mainly on eudicot seeds, and on the interactions between abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), ethylene, brassinosteroids (BR), auxin and cytokinins in regulating the interconnected molecular processes that control dormancy release and germination. Signal transduction pathways, mediated by environmental and hormonal signals, regulate gene expression in seeds. Seed dormancy...

The occurrence of various species of Brassicaceae with indehiscent fruits in the cold deserts of NW China suggests that there are adaptive advantages of this trait. We hypothesized that the pericarp of the single-seeded silicles of Isatis violascens restricts embryo expansion and thus prevents germination for 1 or more years. Thus, our aim was to investigate the role of the pericarp in seed dor...

The dormancy status of S. faberi seed at abscission was assessed with reference to tiller and panicle development. Seed from a single genetic line were grown under field, greenhouse and controlled environment growth chamber conditions. At abscission, a small fraction (<10%) of S. faberi seed germinated under favorable conditions. Seed were dissected and germination of caryopses and embryos also...

Seed dormancy and endozoochorous dispersal have important effects on population dynamics, i.e. seed bank formation, spatial and temporal bethedging, avoidance of crowding and decreased sib-competition. Seeds having primary dormancy do not germinate, even if adequate environmental and dispersal conditions are met, until an after-ripening period is completed. This study examined the effects on ge...

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) can act in biochemical pathways of the germination process; however, there is little information about how it acts on performance pea seeds. The aim this study was to evaluate physiological and effects NO seed vigor. Pea seeds cv. Itapuã 600 obtained from three lots with different levels quality were sown a substrate moistened water (control) or sodium nitroprusside ...

The MADS domain protein AGL15 (AGAMOUS-Like 15) has been found to preferentially accumulate in angiosperm tissues derived from double fertilization (i.e. the embryo, suspensor, and endosperm) and in apomictic, somatic, and microspore embryos. Localization to the nuclei supports a role in gene regulation during this phase of the life cycle. To test whether AGL15 is involved in the promotion and ...

Abstract Generally, orchids produce dust-like seeds in which endosperm reduction and embryo undifferentiation represent a derived state shared with species about 11 other plant families. Orchid are proposed to have special kind of morphological or morphophysiological dormancy. We test this proposition, overcoming several design limitations earlier studies, specifically that the vitro germinatio...

A chemical toxicity and teratogenicity test was adapted to assess potential adverse effects of a microbial pest control agent on a nontarget fish. Developing embryos of the inland silverside, Menidia beryllina, were exposed to conidiospores of the insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Embryo rupture and death were observed. Embryo rupture did not always result in death, nor was death alw...