A baby girl, born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery with birth weight 3.845kg, was admitted for neonatal jaundice on day 2 of life. Her mother had maternal gestational diabetes on diet control. Her father was newly diagnosed with hyperlipidaemia on health screen and was put on diet control. There was no consanguinity. Her serum bilirubin level on admission was 186mmol/L with normal liver f...

Elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are an established risk factor for type-2 diabetes (T2D). However, recent studies have hinted at the possibility that genetic risk for TG may paradoxically protect against T2D. In this study, we examined the association of genetic risk for TG with incident T2D, and the interaction of baseline TG with TG genetic risk on incident T2D in 13,247 European-Ame...

Elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) and reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations are prominent features of metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Individuals with Tangier disease also have elevated plasma TG concentrations and a near absence of HDL, resulting from mutations in ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), which facilitates the efflux of cellular phospholip...

OBJECTIVE Elevated very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-triglyceride (TG) secretion from the liver contributes to an atherogenic dyslipidemia that is associated with obesity, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Numerous models of obesity and diabetes are characterized by increased central nervous system (CNS) neuropeptide Y (NPY); in fact, a single intracerebroventricular (icv) administration o...

Reducing the ATP sensitivity of the sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel is predicted to lead to active channels in normal metabolic conditions and hence cause shortened ventricular action potentials and reduced myocardial inotropy. We generated transgenic (TG) mice that express an ATP-insensitive K(ATP) channel mutant [Kir6.2(deltaN2-30,K185Q)] under transcriptional control of the a...

The relation of serum TG concentrations and risk for CHD has been an issue of great interest and controversy. Unlike analyses with LDL-C and HDL-C, for which very strong and consistent relations with CHD risk have been demonstrated in observational and interventional studies, those with TG are ambiguous. Thus, TG represents a clinical conundrum: should it be measured, what does it mean, and sho...

Reduced IGF-I/insulin signaling and caloric restriction (CR) are known to extend the life span and delay age-related diseases. To address the interaction of these two interventions, we subjected normal (N) and long-lived GH receptor knockout (GHRKO) mice to CR for 20 months starting at weaning. We also used bovine GH transgenic (bGH Tg) mice, which overexpress GH and are short-lived and insulin...

Previously, we reported that exogenous administration of ghrelin ameliorates glucose metabolism in a neonate streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model through enhancement of β-cell proliferation. However, it was not clear whether the observed β-cell proliferation was a direct or indirect effect (e.g., via orexigenic or growth hormone-stimulated pathways) of ghrelin activity. Here, we aime...

The gold standard for treating dyslipidemia in patients with or at high risk for CVD centers on intensive LDL-C lowering with statins. However, even among patients who achieve LDL-C levels < 70 mg/dL, the residual risk for subsequent CHD events remains high. The role of elevated TG, elevated non–HDL-C, and low HDL-C on residual CHD risk, guidelines for treating beyond LDL-C, and clinical trial ...

Despite the recognized role of the ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1 (ABCA1) in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism, our understanding of ABCA1 deficiency in human hepatocytes is limited. To define the functional effects of human hepatocyte ABCA1 deficiency, we generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) from Tangier disease (TD) and matched contr...