We re-examine the sensitivity of solar neutrino oscillations to noise in the solar interior using the best current estimates of neutrino properties. Our results show that the measurement of neutrino properties at KamLAND provides new information about fluctuations in the solar environment on scales to which standard helioseismic constraints are largely insensitive. We also show how the determin...

Using the interquark potential we obtain a formula for the mass spectrum of elementary particles. The simple formula gives the masses of all known elementary particles with an error of about three percent or less. This includes the recently discovered Ds(2317) and 1.5GeV Pentaquark particles. One of the problems that has eluded a solution is that of a mass spectrum for elementary particles. Suc...

During the past one hundred years three related elementary particles– the electron, the muon, and the tau–were discovered by very different scientific techniques. The author, who received the Wolf Prize and the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the tau, uses this history to discuss certainty and uncertainty in the practice of science. While the emphasis is on the practice of scientific research,...

A good case can be made for believing that there is a substantial amount of nonbaryonic dark matter in the universe, most likely composed of an as-yet-undiscovered elementary particle. The various candidates for this particle, both front runners and dark horses, are reviewed. Supported by NSF Grant PHY{91{16964.

We have found evidence for fluxes of energetic electrons in interplanetary space on board the ISEE-3 spacecraft which we interpret as the decay products of neutrons generated in a solar flare on 1980 June 21. The decay electrons arrived at the s/c shortly before the electrons from the flare and can be distinguished from the latter by their distinctive energy spectrum. The time profile of the de...

A recent re-determination of the non-thermal component of the hard X-ray to soft γ-ray emission from the Galactic ridge, using the SPI instrument on the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) Observatory, is shown to be well reproduced as inverse-Compton emission from the interstellar medium. Both cosmic-ray primary electrons and secondary electrons and positrons contribute ...

The QCD sector of the system SANC is presented. QCD theoretical predictions for several processes of high energy interactions of fundamental particles at the one-loop precision level for up to some 3and 4-particle processes are implemented.

We discuss the physical nature of elementary singularities arising in the complexified Maxwell field extended into complex spacetime, i.e., in Lanczos-Newman electrodynamics. We show that the translation of the world-line of a bare electric-monopole singularity into imaginary space is adding a magnetic-dimonopole component to it, so that it may be interpreted as a pseudo-scalar pion-proton inte...

The most fundamental to the elementary particles is the mass they posses and it would be of importance to explore a possible relationship amongst their masses. Here, an attempt is made to investigate this important aspect irrespective of their nature or scheme of classification. We show that there exists a striking tendency for successive mass differences between elementary particles to be clos...

About the Author The Revd Dr John Polkinghorne KBE FRS worked in theoretical elementary particle physics for 25 years and was previously Professor of Mathematical Physics at Cambridge University and then President of Queens’ College, Cambridge. Dr Polkinghorne was the Founding President of the International Society for Science and Religion (2002-2004) and is the author of numerous books on scie...