The capability of placing individual nanoscale building blocks on exact substrate locations in a controlled manner is one of the key requirements to realize future electronic, optical, and magnetic devices and sensors that are composed of such blocks. This article reviews some important advances in the strategies for controlled placement of nanoscale building blocks. In particular, we will over...

We present recent experimental results of the use of electrostatic probes to characterize the differences seen in the low frequency instabilities (<200 kHz) in a laboratory Hall discharge operating with two very different wall materials alumina and boron nitride. A wavelet decomposition analysis of the probe signals was used to determine the dispersion and turbulent broadening characteristics, ...

We present recent experimental results of the use of electrostatic probes to characterize the differences seen in the low frequency instabilities (<200 kHz) in a laboratory Hall discharge operating in the ionization regime, i.e. at low voltages, where the ion current has not reached a maximum. Two very different wall materials are used in this study alumina and boron nitride. A wavelet decompos...

We study how paper microstructure heterogeneity affects the electrostatic field acting on toner particles during xerographic printing. We use an efficient multigrid Poisson solver to simulate electrostatic fields. The dielectric distribution of paper is obtained either analytically or input numerically using a recently developed 3D fibre network model of paper. Simulations are used to elucidate...

An expression for the free energy of an electric double layer is derived. A method of undetermined multipliers is applied within a simple statistical mechanical approach. The electrostatic interactions are described by the mean electrostatic field while the finite size of particles, constituting the electrolyte solution, is considered by the excluded volume effect. The particles in the solution...

Much progress has been achieved on quantitative assessment of electrostatic interactions on the all-atom level by molecular mechanics and dynamics, as well as on the macroscopic level by models of continuum solvation. Bridging of the two representations-an area of active research-is necessary for studying integrated functions of large systems of biological importance. Following perspectives of ...

Investigating the process of electron acceleration in auroral regions, we present a study of the temporal evolution of the interaction of Alfvén waves (AW) with a plasma inhomogeneous in a direction transverse to the static magnetic field. This type of inhomogeneity is typical of the density cavities extended along the magnetic field in auroral acceleration regions. We use self-consistent Parti...

How electronic charge is distributed over a molecule determines to a large extent its chemical properties. Here, we demonstrate how the electrostatic force field, originating from the inhomogeneous charge distribution in a molecule, can be measured with submolecular resolution. We exploit the fact that distortions typically observed in high-resolution atomic force microscopy images are for a si...