Jamming is a phenomenon occurring in systems as diverse as traffic, colloidal suspensions, and granular materials. A theory on the reversible elastic deformation of jammed states is presented. First, an explicit granular stress-strain relation is derived that captures many relevant features of sand, including especially the Coulomb yield surface and a third-order jamming transition. Then this a...

Fluids of molecules or particles interacting through dipole forces describe polar liquids and colloidal suspensions such as ferroQuids and electrorheological fluids. Phase diagrams for systems with strong dipolar coupling are not precisely known. Possible liquid state phase transitions include phase separation and spontaneous polarization. We present a set of generic phase diagrams for the Huid...

This review article summarizes the preparation of polymer/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites and their applications as electrorheological (ER) fluids. These ER fluids exhibited a controllable electro-response under an applied electric field due to the presence of well-dispersed CNTs. The background, morphology, preparations, and characteristics of these materials are discussed, specifically f...

To understand the dynamic rheological behavior of polar molecular electrorheological (PMER) fluids, the shear stress and viscosity of the colloids are compared with the parameters of their lamellar structures which are obtained simultaneously with the rheological characteristics using an electrorheoscope. The results of the experiments and molecular dynamics simulation indicate that the shear s...