Voluntary Exchange. If an airline mechanic gets paid $30,000 a year, it must be that the mechanic would rather have the money than the leisure time, while the airline would rather have the mechanic than have the money. Another example: apartment rentals. That is, price is bounded below by what the seller will accept: the supply price, and bounded above by what the buyer is willing to pay: the d...

This article provides a fully analytical approach for nonlinear equilibrium path of rectangular sandwich plates. The core of structure is made of symmetric cross-ply laminated composite and the outer surfaces are piezoelectric actuators which perfectly bonded to inner core. The structure is subjected to electro-thermo-mechanical loads simultaneously. One side of plate is rested on Pasternak typ...

Results of electro-thermo-elastic analysis of a functionally graded thick-walled spherical shell made of temperature dependent materials are presented in this article. All material properties are assumed temperature-dependent and also are graded along the thickness direction based on power function. Temperature dependency is accounted for all material properties including, thermal, mechanical a...

One of the most promising materials in nanotechnology such as sensors, actuators and resonators is annular Boron Nitride sheets (ABNSs) due to excelled electro-thermo-mechanical properties. In this study, however, differential quadrature method (DQM) and nonlocal piezoelasticity theory are used to investigate the nonlinear vibration response of embedded single-layered annular Boron Nitride shee...

mechanical stress and maximum superconducting current have been calculated for a superconductor subjected to uniform plastic deformation. The training effect due to strain hardening o f the material is discussed. These results are compared with an analogous case when the normal transition is caused by the thermo-magnetomechanical instability. The quenching current is shown to depend on the hist...

In this article, the time-dependent stress redistribution analysis of magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) thick-walled sphere subjected to mechanical, electrical, magnetic and uniform temperature gradient as well as moisture concentration gradient is presented. Combining constitutive equations of MEE with stress-strain relations as well as strain-displacement relations results in obtaining a differen...

In this study, free vibration of a foam-core orthotropic smart composite cylindrical shell (SCCS) filled with a non-viscous compressible fluid, subjected to combined electro-thermo-mechanical loads is investigated.  Piezoelectric polymeric cylindrical shell, is made from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and reinforced by armchair double walled boron nitride nanotubes (DWBNNTs). Characteristics of...

For a few years the multi-physics modelling of resonance cavity (resonator) MW-class continuous-wave gyrotrons, to be employed for electron cyclotron heating and current drive in magnetic confinement fusion machines, has gained increasing interest. The rising target power which drives progressively higher Ohmic losses removed from resonator, together with need limiting resonator deformation as ...

In this paper, a number of physical phenomena taking place at the interaction of a crystallographically uniaxial ferrite resonator (UFR) with a semiconductor element, such as a Hall-effect transducer (HET), are analyzed. The UFR in this study is in a direct contact with an unpackaged HET. The interaction is studied in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic resonance in the UFR. The analytical model ...

This paper describes a physics-of-failure (PoF) based prognostic method for power electronics modules (PEMs). Differing from the traditional reliability prediction methods, this approach allows the reliability performance of PEMs to be assessed in real time. Four techniques have been used to develop this method, they are: (1) Compact electro-thermal model (2) Rainflow counting algorithm (3) Com...