Osmosis is a transport phenomenon that is omnipresent in nature. It differs from diffusion by the fact that it allows nonconstant steady states. In our paper we lay the foundations of osmosis filtering for visual computing applications. We model filters with osmotic properties by means of linear drift-diffusion processes. They preserve the average grey value and the nonnegativity of the initial...

A vertical electro-osmosis method was proposed to improve the bearing capacity of piles in marine soft clay foundations. top-down test conducted by setting an anode and cathode at top bottom pile, respectively, while settings bottom-up were set opposite way. At same time, a pile without also up for comparison. The variation law water content, discharge volume, soil pressure, surface settlement ...

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) can harness the Gibbs free energy of mixing when fresh river water flows into the sea for sustainable power generation. In this study, we carry out a thermodynamic and energy efficiency analysis of RED power generation, and assess the membrane power density. First, we present a reversible thermodynamic model for RED and verify that the theoretical maximum extractab...

Many conventional practices in the production and use of water, energy, and food are unsustainable. Existing technologies and concepts can be improved with the integration of forward osmosis, a membrane-based technology that uses osmosis as its driving force. This Feature highlights five emerging applications of forward osmosis that elegantly bypass the difficult step of draw solution regenerat...

The concept of the ideal elastomeric gel is extended to polyelectrolyte gels and verified using a polyacrylamide-co-acrylic acid hydrogel as a model material system. A comparison between mixing and ion osmosis shows that the mixing osmosis is larger than the ion osmosis for small swelling ratios, while the ion osmosis dominates for large swelling ratios. We show further that the non-Gaussian ch...

We present a method to produce anti-fouling reverse osmosis (RO) membranes that maintains the process and scalability of current RO membrane manufacturing. Utilizing perfluorophenyl azide (PFPA) photochemistry, commercial reverse osmosis membranes were dipped into an aqueous solution containing PFPA-terminated poly(ethyleneglycol) species and then exposed to ultraviolet light under ambient cond...