When an electric field is applied to an electrolyte-saturated polymer gel embedded with charged colloidal particles, the force that must be exerted by the hydrogel on each particle reflects a delicate balance of electrical, hydrodynamic, and elastic stresses. This paper examines the displacement of a single charged spherical inclusion embedded in an uncharged hydrogel. We present numerically ex...

Understanding the mechanical degradation of microelectronic solder joints under high electric current stressing is an important step to develop a damage mechanics model in order to predict the reliability of a solder joint under such loading. In this paper, the experiment results for flip chip solder joints under high current stressing are reported. Nanoindentation tests suggest that mechanical...

The scattering of a scalar wave propagating in a waveguide containing weak penetrable scatterers is inspected in the Born approximation. The scatterers are of arbitrary shape and present a contrast both in density and in wavespeed (or bulk modulus), a situation that can be translated in the context of SH waves, water waves, or transverse electric/transverse magnetic polarized electromagnetic wa...

A new three-dimensional unit cell model has been developed for modeling three constituent phases including inclusion, interphase and matrix. The total elastic modulus of nano-composite is evaluated.  Numerical results are in good agreement with the previous proposed theoretical modeling. Higher matrix and inclusion elastic modulus both can dramatically influence the total elastic modulus.

The dielectric permittivity, 3 0, and the loss factor, 3 00, of dry poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) were measured using a dielectric analyzer in the frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz and between the temperature range of K150 to 275 8C. The dielectric response of the sub-Tg g transition of PHEMA has been widely studied before but little to no DEA data above 50 8C is present in the literatur...

We report about a Bessel beam CARS approach for axial profiling of multi-layer structures. This study presents an experimental implementation for the generation of CARS by Bessel beam excitation using only passive optical elements. Furthermore, an analytical expression is provided describing the generated anti-Stokes field by a homogeneous sample. Based on the concept of coherent transfer funct...

We investigated the dynamics of a series of room temperature ionic liquids based on the same 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium cation and different anions by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy covering 15 decades in frequency (10-10Hz), and in the temperature range from 400 K down to 35 K. An ionic conductivity is observed above the glass transition temperature Tg with a relaxation in the el...

A direct polycondensation reaction, which is carried out by using phosphorylating agents such as triphenylphosphine as an initiator, was applied to the in-situ formation of various condensation polymers including high temperature polymers within various matrix polymers so that those rigid rod-like polymers were well dispersed within the matrix polymers. Improvements in tensile strength and modu...

A magnetically enhanced plasma chemical vapor deposition (MEPCVD) system has been developed for the deposition of DLC ®lm without deterioration of the ®lm quality. A perpendicular magnetic ®eld (B) to the electric ®eld was applied in the RF capacitively coupled plasma enhanced (PE) CVD system. Signi®cantly higher levels of ionization are achieved in the MEPCVD system, resulting in much lower se...