Article history: Received 8 November 2017 Received in revised form 3 December 2017 Accepted 3 December 2017 Available online xxxx This viewpoint article critically assesses several scientific and technological questions regarding flash sintering: (1) How does a flash start? (2)What are the possiblemechanisms of rapid densifications? (3)What are the electric field/current/potential effects? (4) ...

The system for the single-turn injection of 5 MeV/u heavy ions into the Nuclotron is described. The system comprises a superconducting septum-magnet, kick electric plates, beam diagnostic apparatus and magnet correctors. The septum magnet has an iron yoke. The coil and septum made of a hollow superconductor, are cooled with a two-phase helium flow. The magnetic field is 1T. The electric field a...

AlGaN/GaN quantum structure is an excellent candidate for high speed infrared detectors based on intersubband transitions. However, fabrication of AlGaN/GaN quantum well infrared detectors suffers from polarization-induced internal electric field, which greatly limits the carrier vertical transport. In this article, a step quantum well is proposed to attempt solving this problem, in which a nov...

The dynamics of the development of instability of the free surface of liquid helium, which is charged by electrons localized above it, is studied. It is shown that, if the charge completely screens the electric field above the surface and its magnitude is much larger then the instability threshold, the asymptotic behavior of the system can be described by the well-known 3D Laplacian growth equa...

This paper studies gratings engraved in multilayer dielectric stacks for ultra high intensity laser compressors application. We design various grating profiles with high reflected efficiencies for 1780 l/mm multilayer dielectric gratings (MLD). Each grating is defined to exhibit a different electric field maximum value in the pillars of the grating. A damage testing facility operating at 1.053 ...

Under sufficiently high electric field gradients, electron behaviour within exactly perpendicular shocks is unstable to the so-called trajectory instability. We extend previous work paying special attention to short-scale, highamplitude structures as observed within the electric field profile. Via test particle simulations, we show that such structures can cause the electron distribution to hea...

Abstract – In this paper, the effect of applied electric field on the damage due to partial discharges activity into the surroundings dielectrics of a narrow channel encapsulated within the volume of a dielectric material is evaluated using a kinetic model based on Particle in Cell - Monte Carlo Collision (PIC-MCC) model. After application of an electric field across a dielectric material which...

The formation of electric field domains (EFD) was first observed in bulk GaAs and is mostly known as the cause of Gunn oscillations.’ It is explained in terms of the negative differential resistance (NDR) which occurs because of the electron transfer from the r to the X or L valleys. Esaki and Chang2 first observed the formation of static EFDs in multiquantum wells (MQW); this phenomenon was at...