The emission efficiency of novel surface conduction electron-emitters corresponding to tilted angles (u) of a nanogap-typed driving cathode is optimised. Among the parameters of the emitter profile, the apex angle is the most significant because the smaller angles induce a higher electric field. The higher electric field then attracts more particles into vacuum and then increases the emission c...

Room-temperature electrotransmittance has been used in order to investigate the interband excitonic transitions in a 250~A-thick In o.53Gao.47As/Ino.52A.~~s ingle-quantum-well system as a function of an externally applied electric field. Parity forbidden transitions, involving conduction-band states with quantum numbers up to n = 5, which become more pronounced at high electric fields were obse...

Objectives Data on fetal effects following accidental electric shock during pregnancy are scarce. We report on a case of accidental maternal electric shock associated with benign fetal arrhythmia in a woman at 28 weeks' gestation. Study Design Case report. Results Although electrocution involving low-voltage, low-frequency current has been associated with fatal cardiac arrhythmias and conductio...

An electron traveling through an electric field experiences, in its rest frame, a magnetic field that interacts with the electron’s magnetic moment. This interaction is the basis of spin-orbit coupling, which causes a splitting of the energies of electrons in atoms depending on their spin state. In the case of electrons traveling along an interface between two different semiconductors, the tran...

The outstanding charge transport properties of graphene enable numerous electronic applications of this remarkable material, many of which are expected to operate at ultrahigh speeds. In the regime of ultrafast, sub-picosecond electric fields, however, the very high conduction properties of graphene are not necessarily preserved, with the physical picture explaining this behaviour remaining unc...

Interaction between local magnetization and conduction electrons is responsible for a variety of phenomena in magnetic materials. It has been recently shown that spin current and associated electric voltage can be induced by magnetization that depends on both time and space. This effect, called spinmotive force, provides for a powerful tool for exploring the dynamics and the nature of magnetic ...

Multidielectric polyethylene is a material that is generally employed as insulation for  the HVDC isolations. In this paper, the influence of temperature on space charge dynamics has been studied, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) sandwiched between two electrodes were subjected to voltage application of 5kV (14.3 kV/mm) for extended duration of time ...

Single channel currents through cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release channels were measured in very low levels of current carrier (e.g., 1 mM Ba2+). The hypothesis that surface charge contributes to these anomalously large single channel currents was tested by changing ionic strength and surface charge density. Channel identity and sidedness was pharmacologically determined. At low ...