background: the hbv-x (hbx) protein is believed to contribute to the development of hcc. however, the molecular mechanisms involved in hbx-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis remain obscure. in this study, the effect of hepatitis b virus x gene and its protein product hbxag on expression of p53 gene in hep g2 cell line was investigated. methods: viral dna extracted from hbv-positive serum and hbx gen...

conclusions methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is an increasingly common cause of nosocomial infections. our results are in agreement with those of other studies reporting that a few specialized clones are responsible for most cases of mrsa nasal carriage. in this study, mrsa strains isolated from different wards of hospital were closely related when analyzed by coagulase gene typing. ...

objective: the incidence of breast cancer is approximately one million which makes this cancer one of the most common among women worldwide. breast cancer comprises 7% of the total death rate caused by cancers. several strategies that use tumor-associated antigen (taa) vaccination and early detection of breast cancer are clinically being developed. breast cancer is caused by increased over expr...

the biosynthetic pathways of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids consist of many steps controlled by various enzymes. one of the methods for improving oil quality is to change the fatty acid profile through genetic manipulation which requires isolation and characterization of the genes and other cis-acting elements, such as the promoter, involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. b-ketoacyl-coa syn...

implantation failure is the most frequent cause of pregnancy loss in couples who try to conceive, either in a natural way or using assisted reproductive techniques (art). identify the precise mechanisms of implantation failure can lead to identify couples at risk and also providing appropriate therapeutic options to affected couples. despite the high prevalence of this disorder, a few causing f...

background & target: ischemia reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. in this study, the effect of pentoxyfylline on bcl2 gene expression changes and cell injury in kidney of rat following ischemia reperfusion were evaluated.methods: in this experimental study, 20 male wistar rats with average weight of...

introduction: β-globin gene cluster haplotypes are useful in diagnosis of particular molecular defects in β-thalassemia, prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia, and elucidating population affinities. methods: β-globin gene cluster haplotypes were studied in 150 β-thalassemia minor and 52 healthy in-dividuals from the fars province of iran. dna was extracted from leukocytes of whole blood by phe-no...

cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan parasite of humans and a wild range of domestic as well as wild animals. an 833-bp fragment of the 18s-rrna gene was used to identify cryptosporidium spp. recovered from children and adult patients, in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive and negative patients in iran. initial identification of cryptosporidiosis was carried out by ziehl-neelsen acid-fas...

background:it has been hypothesized that genetic factors other than histocompatibility disparity may play a role in predisposition to developing chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml). in this regard, th1 and th2 cytokines and their gene polymorphism seems to be important. overall expression and secretion of cytokines is dependent, at least in part, on genetic polymorphism (nucleotide variations) w...

background: nowadays, oocytes and embryos vitrification has become a routine technique. based on clinical judgment, re-vitrification maybe required. but little is known about re-vitrification impact on genes expression. objective: the impact of re-vitrification on apoptotic and implanting genes, bax, bcl-2 and erbb4, at compaction stage embryos were evaluated in this study. materials and method...