recently, economists have attention to the brain drain as emigration of skilled and educated labor force from developing countries. in this case, we are dealing with one main question is: how brain drain can affect the human capital of source countries? based on existing theories, brain drain can affect the economy of source countries in different ways such as; direct reduction of human capital...

background: because of the close relationship between economic growth and welfare of the societies many economists have been seeking to identify the sources of economic growth. human capital through enhancing workforce skills and quality, increases the amount of workforce income which consequently leads to economic growth. methods: this study is based on data from the social accounting matrix o...

We develop a simple competitive model of the marriage market in which bridal families decide how much to transfer to their daughter and how much to transfer to a potential groom. By allocating property rights over total marital transfers in this way, the bridal family influences the outcome of intra-household bargaining. This approach formalizes and clarifies the dual roles of dowry as both as ...

Do international trade and technological change influence how firms create incentives for human capital? I present a model that incorporates agency problems into a framework with firm heterogeneity and human capital. My model indicates that trade liberalizations and skill-biased technological change alter the way how the largest firms in an economy incentivize their managers. Increases in manag...

This study investigates the effects of human capital, social capital and their interaction on the performance of 1,398 Vietnamese new-born firms. Operating profit is used as the measure of success. Human capital is captured by individual-level professional education, start-up experience, and learning. Whereas the first two dimensions of human capital are measured with traditional indicators, we...

In this paper, I develop a new measure of human capital stock that has two advantages over previous measures. First, it allows for the fact that the cost of education varies across time, countries, and levels. Second, the unit of measurement is dollars, which allows comparison of human capital stocks with other macroeconomic variables, including national income (GDP) and physical capital stocks...

Sustainable Livelihoods Approach emerged in the 1980s as a new analytical approach in the field of rural development inwhich the rural livelihood capitals form the basis of the villagers' empowerment and their ability to get involved in their own individual and social destiny. This study aimed to answer the question that how much the importance of each type of livelihood capitals is in the Cent...