We consider the concepts of a t-total vertex cover and a t-total edge cover (t ≥ 1), which generalize the notions of a vertex cover and an edge cover, respectively. A t-total vertex (respectively edge) cover of a connected graph G is a vertex (edge) cover S of G such that each connected component of the subgraph of G induced by S has least t vertices (edges). These definitions are motivated by ...

Traditional optimization algorithms are concerned with static input, static constraints, and attempt to produce static output of optimal value. Recent literature has strayed from this conventional approach to deal with more realistic situations in which the input changes over time. Incremental optimization is a new framework for handling this type of dynamic behavior. We consider a general mode...

let g=(v,e) be a simple graph. an edge labeling f:e to {0,1} induces a vertex labeling f^+:v to z_2 defined by $f^+(v)equiv sumlimits_{uvin e} f(uv)pmod{2}$ for each $v in v$, where z_2={0,1} is the additive group of order 2. for $iin{0,1}$, let e_f(i)=|f^{-1}(i)| and v_f(i)=|(f^+)^{-1}(i)|. a labeling f is called edge-friendly if $|e_f(1)-e_f(0)|le 1$. i_f(g)=v_f(1)-v_f(0) is called the edge-f...

We design the first online algorithm with poly-logarithmic competitive ratio for the edge-weighted degree-bounded Steiner forest (EW-DB-SF) problem and its generalized variant. We obtain our result by demonstrating a new generic approach for solving mixed packing/covering integer programs in the online paradigm. In EW-DB-SF, we are given an edge-weighted graph with a degree bound for every vert...

It is well-known that each nonnegative integral flow of a directed graph can be decomposed into a sum of nonnegative graph circuit flows, which cannot be further decomposed into nonnegative integral sub-flows. This is equivalent to saying that indecomposable flows of graphs are those graph circuit flows. Turning from graphs to signed graphs, the indecomposable flows are much richer than that of...

We examine basic notions of categorical Galois theory for the adjunction between Π0 and the inclusion as discrete, in the case of simplicial complexes. Covering morphisms are characterized as the morphisms satisfying the unique simplex lifting property, and are classified by means of the fundamental groupoid, for which we give an explicit “Galoistheoretic” description. The class of covering mor...