The problem of the geopolitical stability country has always been basis sustainable economic development. CIS countries and their closest neighbours are international centres where important transport communication routes from Asia to Europe intersect. They have a wide range various raw material reserves, which focuses world community's attention builds separate vector relations. transformation...

This paper focuses on Indo-Iranian merchandise trade for a period of 30 years from1980-81 to 2009-10. The study is based on econometric modeling comprising 3 versions of the RWM model and alternative forms and specification of regression functions. RWM model(s) evaluates the stationary nature of time series data relating to GNP, Exports, Imports and total merchandise Indo-Iranian trade. Dickey-...

Developing economic relations with the countries of the world is necessary for any country, and the nations of the world are always looking to build their business. The expansion of the phenomenon of economic globalization has led states to engage in countries' engagement in pursuing their interests in the form of regional cooperation and the formation of monetary :union:s. Therefore, according...

the role of distance as border effects between trade partners has been created challengeable discussions in gravity model literature for international economists and lead to different theoretical aspects for measuring and modeling of it in recent years. moreover, the necessity of non-linear method for estimation of gravity model has been perfectly agreed. the importance of this study is the est...

It tends to be generally recognized that firms need to be innovative in order to sustain their competitive advantage (e.g. Brown and Eisenhardt, 1997; Cohen and Levinthal, 1990; Leonard-Barton, 1995; McGrath, 2001; Tsai, 2001). Innovation can be regarded as a business process which creates unique and perceptive ideas that are being pushed towards commercial success (e.g. Verloop, 2004). With th...