Small hospitality businesses such as hotels and restaurants are not only necessary for the development of these industries as whole but also have the potential of contributing to the economic development of sub-Saharan African nations. However, recent studies show that availability of financing remains a critical obstacle for such businesses in sub-Sahara region. This paper presents a descripti...

Dissemination of evidence-based assessment and intervention approaches for child and adolescent with behavioral and/or emotional problems is now a priority in the field worldwide. However, developing staff competence in evidence-based assessment and intervention approaches in different countries is complicated by some environmental and economic constraints. In this paper a distance training/sup...

China’s 18,000-kilometer coastline encompasses a region of great economic importance to the country, accounting for about 56 percent of its GDP (Wang, 1992). Swelling populations and an unbroken trend of urbanization throughout the east coast increasingly challenges the conservation of China’s vast coastal zone. While the Chinese government has begun to recognize the crucial role the ocean’s li...

Why Are European Countries Diverging in Their Unemployment Experience? During the nineties, unemployment has fallen in a number of European countries while it has remained high in others. The paper discusses potential causes for that evolution in light of recent economic research, emphasizing obstacles to reform due to political constraints, the prevalence of ideology, and agency issues within ...

In this paper, we highlight several historical developments in the neuroscience of ethics as well as recent advances that forecast the experimental research to come. We argue, in particular, that our understanding of the moral brain will benefit from the further use of a formal, mathematical approach to the construction and testing of alternative theories, such as that found in the field of neu...

Both practitioners and researchers are concerned about resource deficiencies on the planet earth and agree that circular business models (CBMs) represent solutions to move towards zero waste, improving environmental impacts and increasing economic profit. Despite all of the benefits of CBMs, the implications are not widely available, and failure rates are high. Thus, there is a need to identify...

Rapid urbanisation is a major feature of developing countries. Some 2 billion more people are likely to become city residents in the next 30 years, yet urbanisation has received little attention in the modern development economics literature. This paper reviews theoretical and empirical work on the determinants and effects of urbanisation. This suggests that there are substantial productivity b...

in this paper the factors having influence on travel demand to iran are paper explored. the hypothesis of the research specifies the variable of “domestic upheavals and insecurity” as the most significant obstacle to expansion of the demand for travel to iran. to test the above hypothesis, first several demand models that have been proposed to study demand for tourism in different countries, ar...

bioethanol made from lignocelluloses biomass resources, provides unique environmental, economic and strategic benefits, when compared to gasoline as automobile fuel. to be able to substitute gasoline by bioethanol, one should over come many obstacles, including the production of furfural and hydroxyl-methyl furfural, which are produced when cellulosic materials are treated in the presence of ac...