The concept of an “innovation system” has become used increasingly in current science policy discourse as a metaphor to indicate the need for a much wider perspective on relevant decision-making procedures than has been the case in the past. This paper explores its use from the standpoint of the behaviour of an international agricultural research institute located in Africa and focused on two v...

The paper introduces the so-called climate change mainstreaming approach, where vulnerability and adaptation measures are assessed in the context of general development policy objectives. The approach is based on the application of a limited set of indicators. These indicators are selected as representatives of focal development policy objectives, and a stepwise approach for addressing climate ...

The literature testing for long-run impacts of fiscal policy on growth at the macro level has generally ignored short-run dynamics and treated all counties’ fiscal-growth dynamics identically. This paper examines how robust previous ‘long-run’ results for OECD countries are to new empirical methods that model short-run dynamics and allow fiscal-growth responses to be heterogeneous both across c...

The fiscal condition of most OECD countries has deteriorated markedly in the last 30 years. But beyond this general weakening, there has been considerable variation in the fiscal performance of these countries. For example, Italy, Belgium, Japan and Ireland accumulated significant amounts of public debt whereas Finland, Norway, the UK and, until recently, Germany, implemented relatively conserv...

1 Sachs J. Macroeconomics and health: investing in health for economic development. Report of the commission on macro economics and health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001. 2 Gomez E. Equity, gender, and health policy reform in Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, 2000. 3 Freedman LP, Waldman RJ, de Pinho H, et al. Who’s got the power? Trans...

The concept of an “innovation system” has become used increasingly in current science policy discourse as a metaphor to indicate the need for a much wider perspective on relevant decision-making procedures than has been the case in the past. This paper explores its use from the standpoint of the behaviour of an international agricultural research institute located in Africa and focused on two v...

OBJECTIVE To analyse trends in road traffic crashes, injuries and fatalities over 75 years in Sri Lanka. METHODS Data on road traffic crashes, injuries and fatalities between 1938 and 2013 were obtained from the Police Statistics Unit. Rates per 100,000 population were calculated and trends were analysed using joinpoint regression analysis. FINDINGS Road traffic crashes and injuries rose su...

Midcentury targets have been proposed as a guide to climate change policy that can link long-term goals to shorter-term actions. However no explicit mitigation analyses have been carried out of the relationship between midcentury conditions and longer-term outcomes. Here we use an integrated assessment modeling framework with a detailed representation of the energy sector to examine the depende...

OBJECTIVES In Thailand, policymakers have come under increasing pressure to use economic evaluation to inform health-care resource allocation decisions, especially after the introduction of the Universal Health Insurance Coverage (UC) scheme. This article presents qualitative findings from research that assessed a range of policymakers' perspectives on the acceptability of using economic evalua...

Galapagos is often cited as an example of the conflicts that are emerging between resource conservation and economic development in island ecosystems, as the pressures associated with tourism threaten nature, including the iconic and emblematic species, unique terrestrial landscapes, and special marine environments. In this paper, two projects are described that rely upon dynamic systems models...