Although eID technology has undergone several development cycles and eID have been issued to citizens of various European countries, it is still not as broadly used as originally expected. One reason is the absence of compelling use cases besides eGovernment. Current Research focuses mainly on the needs of the user and technical aspects. The economic perspective is often disregarded. This is es...

Most ecological interactions occur in environments that are spatially and temporally heterogeneous-'patchy'-across a wide range of scales. In contrast, most theoretical models of ecological interactions, especially large-scale models applied to societal issues such as climate change, resource management and human health, are based on 'mean field' approaches in which the underlying patchiness of...

introduction: sleep disorders can influence either directly or indirectly, on the family, colleagues and finally the community. in the realm of children, the most serious complications of sleep is anxiety and behavioral problems that make them prone to academic failure, family tensions and psychosocial – social trauma. concerning the significance, outbreak of sleep disorders and its complicatio...

sleep disturbance, known as insomnia, is a common symptom of many mental illnesses. insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders characterized by sleep difficulty that affects our life and work safety. several lines of evidence support the primary insomnia as a risk factor/predictor for depression and anxiety disturbances. anxiety disorders and insomnia are common, debilitating and hig...

An analysis of rates of ecological change (RoC) from thirteen pollen records from tropical South America is presented here. The analysis aims to identify the periods of fastest change since the last glacial maximum (LGM) and possible driving mechanisms. Despite rapid cooling periods, region-wide profound droughts, fire and human disturbances, RoC analysis showed that the speed of these climate ...

We present a mathematical analysis of the consequences of spatial interactions between vegetation patches by means of water flow for the functioning of arid systems. Our model results suggest that spatial exchange of water improved the resilience to disturbances and increased the resistance to human-induced loss of cover. Furthermore, spatial exchange of water allowed vegetation to persist at l...

The Yangtze River Basin faces unprecedented challenges in harmonizing competing interests its ecological and social systems. central government of China, response to the need for change governance arrangements cooperation, passed Protection Law. It is China's first legislation at basin scale a specific river basin. Ecological disturbances caused by industrial other human activity, followed poli...

Moose and reindeer occur in large populations in the Fennoscandian boreal forests, and also roe deer occurs in dense populations in Sweden and Norway. These large herbivores affect the structure and function of the forest ecosystems. During periods of high densities discussions arise about the impact of these herbivores on e.g. economic forest trees and preservation of biodiversity. The aim of ...

Disturbances fundamentally alter ecosystem functions, yet predicting their impacts remains a key scientific challenge. While the study of disturbances is ubiquitous across many ecological disciplines, there no agreed-upon, cross-disciplinary foundation for discussing or quantifying complexity disturbances, and consistent terminology methodologies exist. This inconsistency presents an increasing...