B2B (business-to-business) electronic commerce provides firms with different business value depending on how organizations use the online network. In this paper, we distinguish two different types of B2B e-commerce adoption: basic and collaborative B2B e-commerce. With ‘‘basic B2B e-commerce’’, firms implement the electronic network simply to automate the exchange of commercial documents. In co...

A legal basis for the use of electronic signatures exists since the introduction of qualified electronic signatures in EU Directive 1999/93/EC. Although considered as key enablers for e-Government and e-Commerce, qualified electronic signatures are still not widely used. Introducing a mobile component addresses most of the shortcomings of existing qualified signature approaches but poses certai...

Activities of insurance, like other work fields, have been greatly influences by new technologies; therefore, they must be at the suitable level of electronic readiness to provide more effective information services in line with the needs of new era. But the question is, are the insurance companies in Iran ready to use the e-commerce opportunities efficiently? To answer, it is necessary t...

The use of Electronic Commerce (EC) technologies enables Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to improve their efficiency and competitive position. Much of the literature proposes an extensive set of benefits for organizations that choose to adopt and implement ECommerce systems. Factors of Business –to-business (B2B) E-Commerce adoption and implementation have been extensively investigated. Despite...

This chapter examines the risk factors for firms investing in e-commerce or electronic commerce in New Zealand. The relationships between the intra and extra organisational factors that ensure the success or failure of the electronic commerce projects in New Zealand are discussed. The investment risks for electronic commerce projects may rest on the planning, development, implementation and pos...

Electronic Commerce is touted as a panacea for business growth and expansion in relation to both small and large firms irrespective of their geographical locations. Past research in the area shows that there is an acute lack of theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence to understand how developing country firms realise e-commerce benefits amidst their national constraints. This paper sets o...

Based on a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews of seven automobile dealerships in the City of Oulu, Finland, we uncovered four themes — strategic understanding of electronic commerce, technological understanding of electronic commerce, maturity of the website supporting electronic commerce, and electronic commerce developmental strategy — which allowed to make sense in a succinct...

by the explosive growth of b2b e-commerce transactions in international supply chains and the rapid increase of business documents in iran’s cross-border trading, effective management of trade processes over borders is vital in b2b e-commerce systems. structure of the localized model in this paper is based on three major layers of a b2b e-commerce infrastructure, which are messaging layer, busi...

In small countries such as New Zealand, small to mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) are defined as enterprises employing 19 or fewer employees. Small enterprises are defined as those employing zero to five full-time employees (FTEs) (often called microbusinesses), and medium-sized enterprises as those employing six to nineteen FTEs. Other countries, such as the United States and European countries,...

Electronic commerce is becoming an increasingly important channel for retail commerce. There are a large number of e-commerce sites on the Internet. Intelligent agents have been studied very widely in the field of artificial intelligence and multi-agent systems. There have been several researches on agent-mediated electronic commerce. In particular, we focus on volume discount mechanism based o...