It is well known that the final cost of commercial products is mostly due to expenses than to their transport. In this context, the vehicle routing problem appears aiming to optimize the routes of a fleet which is responsible for providing pick-up and delivery services. In face of the necessity in attending requests that come during the fleet operation time, the dynamic vehicle routing problem ...

Underutilization of computing resources and high power consumption are two primary challenges in the domain of Cloud resource management. This paper deals with these challenges through offline, migration impact-aware, multi-objective dynamic Virtual Machine (VM) consolidation in the context of large-scale virtualized data center environments. The problem is formulated as an NP-hard discrete com...

In the last chapter, we saw that greedy algorithms are efficient solutions to certain optimization problems. However, there are optimization problems for which no greedy algorithm exists. In this chapter, we will examine a more general technique, known as dynamic programming, for solving optimization problems. Dynamic programming is a technique of implementing a top-down solution using bottom-u...

The execution of scientific workflows in Grid environments imposes many challenges due to the dynamic nature of such environments and the characteristics of scientific applications. This work presents an algorithm that dynamically schedules tasks of workflows to Grid sites based on the performance of these sites when running previous jobs from the same workflow. The algorithm captures the dynam...

We describe a memory-efficient implementation of a dynamic programming algorithm for learning the optimal structure of a Bayesian network from training data. The algorithm leverages the layered structure of the dynamic programming graphs representing the recursive decomposition of the problem to reduce the memory requirements of the algorithm fromO(n2) to O(C(n, n/2)), whereC(n, n/2) is the bin...