The control problem and Dynamic programming is a powerful tool in economics and management. We review the dynamic programming problem from its beginning up to its present stages. A problem which was involved in physics and mathematics in I 7” century led to a branch of mathematics called calculus of variation which was used in economic, and management at the end of the first quarter of the 20” ...

This study presents a dynamic way in a DG planning problem instead of the last static or pseudo-dynamic planning point of views. A new way in modeling the DG units’ output power and the load uncertainties based on the probability rules is proposed in this paper. A sensitivity analysis on the stochastic nature of the electricity price and global fuel price is carried out through a proposed model...

Abstract: The exploration of Earth-like exoplanets will be enabled at mid-infrared wavelengths through technology and engineering advances in nulling interferometry and precision formation flying. Nulling interferometry provides the dynamic range needed for the detection of biomarkers. Formation flying provides the angular resolution required in the mid-infrared to separately distinguish the sp...

Dynamic covalent libraries enable exploring complex chemical systems from which bioactive assemblies can adaptively emerge through template effects. In this work, we studied dynamic made of complementary bifunctional cationic peptides, yielding a diversity species macrocycles to polymers. Although polymers are typically expressed only at high concentration, found that siRNA acts as in the forma...

We introduce the notion, issues, and challenges of dynamic coalition formation (DCF) among rational software agents in open, heterogeneous and world widely distributed environments such as the Internet and Web. Selected relevant approaches coping with only parts of the DCF problem domain in different disciplines such as decision theory, social reasoning, and machine learning are briefly discuss...

Over the last four decades of research, numerous cell formation algorithms have been developed and tested, still this research remains of interest to this day. Appropriate manufacturing cells formation is the first step in designing a cellular manufacturing system. In cellular manufacturing, consideration to manufacturing flexibility and productionrelated data is vital for cell formation....