background: the co-existence of under and overnutrition might be influenced by a marked shift in dietary and lifestyle practices of people in developing countries. objective: this study aims to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of a dual form of malnutrition in the same households in a rural district in peninsular malaysia. methods: this study was conducted in two phases. the ...

Dual distribution in franchising is addressed from an incomplete contracting perspective. We explicitly model cooperative (dual distribution) franchising as an organizational form, next to wholly-owned, wholly-franchised, and dual distribution franchise systems. Key conclusions of the model are: (1) dual distribution as an efficient governance mechanism does not depend on heterogeneous downstre...

The Supersymmetric Dual Sigma Model (SDSM) is a local field theory introduced to be nonlocally equivalent to the Supersymmetric Chiral nonlinear σ-Model (SCM), this dual equivalence being proven by explicit canonical transformation in tangent space. This model is here reconstructed in superspace and identified as a chiral-entwined supersymmetrization of the Dual Sigma Model (DSM). This analysis...

a newly developed heavy duty diesel engine in dual fuel mode of operation has been studied in detail. the main fuel would be natural gas and diesel oil as pilot injection. the importance and effects of mixture preparation and formation through ports, valves and in cylinder flow field with different swirl ratio and tumble on diesel combustion phenomena is an accepted feature which has been studi...

In the current study, a dual-channel supply chain is considered containing one manufacturer and two retailers. It is assumed that the manufacturer and retailers have the same decision powers. A game-theoretic approach is developed to analyze pricing decisions under the centralized and decentralized scenarios. First, the Nash model is established to obtain the equilibrium decisions in the decent...

This study describes a new graphical method for assessing and characterizing e$ect modi%cation by a matching covariate in matched case–control studies. This method to understand e$ect modi%cation is based on a semiparametric model using a varying coe2cient model. The method allows for nonparametric relationships between e$ect modi%cation and other covariates, or can be useful in suggesting para...

BACKGROUND Single path defibrillation shock methods have been improved through the use of the Charge Banking Model of defibrillation, which predicts the response of the heart to shocks as a simple resistor-capacitor (RC) circuit. While dual path defibrillation configurations have significantly reduced defibrillation thresholds, improvements to dual path defibrillation techniques have been limit...

This paper presents a multi objective geometric programming model which determines the product`s selling price in two markets. We assume demand is a function of price and marketing expenditure in two markets. The cost of production is also assumed to be a function of demands in both markets. Our model is a posynomial function which is solved using Geometric Programming (GP). In our GP implement...